"The Ten Reforms and Ten Promotions" of Meat Sheep Production
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(I) Rehabilitating small-scale farming in order to raise livestock in a large scale, promoting intensive and raising new technologies. Rural sheep-raising is widely dispersed among households, ranging from a few to as many as several dozen. It is difficult to adopt advanced practical technologies. Some skilled and capable sheep-rearing specialists can start from the cultivation of pasture and scientific management to make use of the new technology of modern sheep production as a breakthrough, organize large-scale and intensive production of sheep, and carry out specialized production according to the company's model of adding farmers. (B) to improve the ground backyard breeding for high-class housing, to promote the standardization of sheep building new technology sheep like dry, clean the environment, like to stand and rest in a higher place, and the sense of smell is sensitive, not eating mold deterioration, smell, strange smell forage. To use the physiology of mutton sheep, build a sheep house with sunny sunshine, warm winters, cool summers, and easy drainage, and set wooden beds in the sheep's house, hang grass racks, make special sinks and feed troughs, and raise the ground to feed on the bed. Improve the environment of the sheep house, reduce the humidity in the housing, reduce the waste of grass, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and accelerate the rate of weight gain. In winter, it is necessary to promote the breeding techniques of the warm-spot, and if necessary, it is possible to adopt plastic sheds to raise sheep, so that it can make advance circle and circle late to provide suitable temperature conditions for the growth and reproduction of the flock. (3) Changing a single forage to diversify forage, and promoting the ration matching technology to fully and rationally utilize local weeds, straws, leaves, agricultural and sideline products, and processing by-product resources according to the standard of mutton sheep breeding, according to different physiological stages and production uses. Nutritional needs and digestive characteristics, scientific selection of grass, material types, determine a reasonable proportion of cooperation and processing technology, to reduce costs, save feed, increase efficiency. (4) To change weeds and raise sheep as pasturage and raise sheep, promote the use of grass, raise sheep, and use high-quality forage grass. The content and digestibility of various nutrients are superior to that of weeds. In the case of better water and fertilizer conditions, the planting of chicory, schizophyllum, hybrid pennisetum, and Mexican feed forage grass species can produce more than 10,000 kilograms of fresh grass per mu, which can be used to raise more than 30 breeding sheep. . In the grass cultivation process, high-yield varieties and effective planting patterns should be selected, and high-yielding cultivation techniques such as crop rotation, intercropping, interplanting, and mixed sowing should be used to ensure a balanced supply of pasture, and use of hay drying, grass powder, grass block processing and silage technology To solve the problem of lack of winter and grass. (5) Immunization is mainly based on treatment, and the comprehensive prevention and control technology for goat diseases is adopted. The ewes are injected with the dysentery bacillus 20-30 days and 10-20 days before delivery. After the lambs are born, tetanus antitoxin is injected, and after one month of age, they are respectively injected. Injection of sheep vaccinia vaccine, sheep aphthous sow vaccine, lamb E. coli vaccine, infectious pleuropneumoniae vaccine, streptococcus seedlings, triple quadruple vaccine and mouth-hoof vaccine. When introducing from other places, quarantine should be strengthened to ensure early disease-free prevention, early disease prevention and prevention. To parasites must insist on regular deworming, every quarter injection of levosidine or oral trichlorfon, the spring and autumn each medicine bath once, if necessary, injection of avermectin to eliminate the body of external parasites. (6) Change natural growth to add fine material, promote fast fattening technology of mutton sheep The fast fattening technology is based on the selection of meat goat breeds, and the ovine sheep castration (in some areas should not be adopted) as technical measures, insisting on feeding mainly, On the basis of ensuring the health of the flock, formulate balanced rations and increase the input of concentrates so that the ratio of concentrates will gradually transition from 2:8 to 6:4 or 7:3. After two months of centralized feeding, The growth rate of weaning lambs or empty ewes has accelerated, and the sensation has become better, and then they are listed on the market. Rapid fattening is a means and method for increasing the amount of concentrate, and other techniques and measures to achieve rapid growth in the short term. The feed reference formula is: grass powder accounts for 30-40%, corn accounts for about 30%. Cakes account for about 15%, bran bran accounts for about 15%, supplemented with 2-3% of bone meal, 1-2% of salt, 1-1.5% of urea, and appropriate amounts of multivitamins and trace elements are added. Granulated feed, three meals a day, free to eat, but it takes 10-15 days of pre-feeding period to prevent excessive feed caused digestive diseases. (VII) Improved native breeder goats as excellent breeds and promoted hybridization and improved utilization techniques. Boer goats were introduced into China. Some areas used the Boer goat as a parent and local goats as a female parent. The hybrid generation produced by the goat was sold as a commercial sheep and received better results. Effect. (8) Change the extensive breeding to fine management, and promote the scientific management technology of the mutton sheep to keep the separation of the male and female, separate and separate the strengths and weaknesses. Daily management includes castration, angle removal, brushing, hoof repair, exercise, deworming, medicine bath, numbering, weighing, grazing and other aspects. The lambs, pregnant sheep, and rams must also be individually and individually managed according to their physiological characteristics and nutritional needs. (9) Changing the traditional method of forage feeding for rational use, and promoting the use of forage processing and utilization techniques In order to reduce the waste of forage grass, in addition to appropriate amount of rows for hanging in the pens, we should also use forage grass, rakes, or kneading machines as appropriate. Short. Autumn weeds and pastures are harvested in time for hay drying. Green silage will be siled in late autumn to provide ready and ready forage for winter and spring. This will maximize the number of ewe's stocks and lay a foundation for the development of the second year. basis. (10) Natural estrus should be artificially controlled, and modern mutton breeding technology should be promoted. Households must balance their meat performance and reproductive performance in order to achieve high yields and high efficiency. Second, they should adjust the structure of the sheep and increase the appropriate number of ewes. The third is to gradually promote three-year five-product and one-year-two-income lambing techniques on the basis of three-year-old and three-children; fourth is to use sponge embolism, oral or injectable hormones for the same period of estrus technology, in the ewe's fluctuating period of breeding The fifth is to inject steroid hormones and chorionic hormones, follicle stimulating hormone, etc., to the low lambing rate breeds to increase the lambing rate. Sixth, the use of biotechnology, such as embryo transfer, gender control, transgenic technology, to play the genetic potential of good varieties; Strengthen the lamb's breastfeeding, feeding and artificial breastfeeding, improve the survival rate of the lamb, and promote the early estrus of the ewes; eighth, timely treatment of ewes obstetric diseases, to minimize the emptiness of the ewes.