Rice seed disinfection and main pest control
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First, how to disinfect rice seeds? As rice seeds are easily attached to rice blast, bakanae disease, flax leaf spot, smut, and other pathogens, the rice seeds should be disinfected before sowing, which is the prevention of rice blast, bastard disease, Blight, Flax and other effective measures. Specific disinfection methods are as follows: 1. In order to increase the germination rate of the seeds, it should be dried for half a day before soaking. 2. Disinfection of pharmaceuticals: Seeds are first pre-soaked with fresh water for 12 hours, and then they are picked up and put to good use to “make 100 grams†1000 times liquid (ie, to make 100 grams per package) to dilute 2 pounds with 0.6 ml of water and soak 3 pounds of seed. ) Re-immersed for 24 hours, after immersion without water rinse, germination can be sowed or 800 times carbendazim soaked for 24 hours or soaked with 500 times strong chlorine semen for 12 hours, after immersion washed with water re-germination. Second, what are the major pests and diseases of rice? How to prevent and control scientifically? (A) The main diseases of rice are: rice blast, sheath blight, thin strip disease, bastard disease, and dwarfism. 1, rice blast disease: points seedlings, leafhoppers, panicles. Where the cultivation of susceptible combination (cultivar) partial or late application of excessive nitrogen fertilizer, long-term deep-irrigation, cold water irrigation, booting and heading period of drought or long-term rain or fog heavy, the incidence is often heavier, should pay attention to prevention and treatment. Prevention and treatment of the first to do a good job of seed disinfection, to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water; medicine can be used to harvest acres of 100 grams of rice or 100 grams of Shidao Ling 30 ml or 30 grams of coricotta or authentic Shanghai 10% tricyclazole 100 grams, 60 kg of water distribution Fine spray. Prevention of panicle blast should be 10% of rice break for the prevention and control period. 2. Sheath blight: Where the high temperature and humidity, too much nitrogen, rice plants grow dense green, poor ventilation, ventilation, and long-term deep water irrigation and other diseases are often more serious. Prevention and control should strengthen the scientific management of fertilizer and water. The medicine can be used to cure 20% pericarp net powder 50 grams or full ear 15 milliliters or 3% Jinggangmycin aqueous solution 300 milliliters, with water 60 kg spray. 3, thin strip disease and bacterial blight: Wherever the rice plants grow too prosperous, but also in the young panicle differentiation to the heading of the relatively susceptible period, once in case of typhoon rain or rain, rain, flooded field disease It will spread rapidly and expand hazards. Pharmacological treatment can be used to cure 40 grams of disease or 40 grams of Shi Daoling or 40 grams of bactericide, or 50 grams of bacteriocin, and 60 kg of fine spray of water. 4, rice smut disease: the main damage to the grain into a green powder group, affect the yield and quality of rice, harmful to humans and animals, medicine can be used for harvesting 100 acres of harvest or 100% of the harvest, 23% full ear suspension 5ml or 20%瘟 Quxing WP 100 g, 60 kg of water, fine spray 3 to 5 days before rice is broken. 5, bastard disease: seedlings leggy. The key lies in seed disinfection. 6, dwarf disease, yellow dwarf disease: The main is that the rice plant dwarf, increased tiller or plexiform, leaf color omnivorous green (or yellow), can not ear. It is caused by the transmission of poison by Ye Ye. The key lies in pest control and disease prevention. (b) The main pests of rice are: aphids, rice planthoppers, rice leaf roller, rice gall midge, farmland rodents, etc. 1, locusts: including the three scorpions, II scorpion, big scorpion. The city of Huaihua has a more widespread hazard. 2. Sanhuan has an increasing trend in recent years. 3. The damage causes dead sheath, dead heart and white spike. Pharmacological treatment choose mu with 20% triazophos 100 ml or 40% rice Kang EC60 - 80 ml or special kill 50 ml or insecticide (insect killer) water 200 - 250 ml water 60 kg spray. The key to anti-whitening is to break the prescription. 4, rice planthoppers: including whitebacked planthoppers, brown planthoppers. Adult nymphs clustered at the base of the rice stalk and caused the stems and leaves to be dark, with a dark brown base, brown-red leaves, and brown leaves. Severe rotten rods were lodged, affecting heading and fruiting. Prevention and control: (1) Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water; put an appropriate date on the field and reduce the humidity in the field. 2 Pharmacology can be used for 25% of Acre with 2 grams of water dispersible granules or 2.5% of fluocillin WP or 30 grams of Da Gongchen wet powder, 15 grams of water, and 60 kg of spray. 5. Rice gall midge: Occurred intermittently and regionally, and it has recently become the main pest of the city that is continuous and universal. Its larvae damage causes rice out of onions. The severity of rice blast mosquitoes is closely related to the temperature and the temperature and humidity in winter. Seven times a year in our city, the focus of prevention and control to seize the three, four and five generations. Prevention and control should be carried out on comprehensive prevention and control: 1 winter plowing and drying in the sun, eradication of overwhelming insects; 2 implementation of reform to avoid mosquitoes; 3 pharmacy treatment of 10% of Yishu or 10% Yishufeng or 10% green treasure Granules 1.25 Kg or 30% Carbofuran 3 Kg or 8.5% Rice Lobster 1.25 Kg or Rice Mosquito Repellent Agent 120--150 ml or 3% Milur Granules 1.5 Kilograms Mixed Sand 30 Kg . The key lies in the appropriate period of application, Putian in the one-leaf and one-hearted period, Honda in the 5 - 7 days after transplanting, before the drug to keep in water for more than 5 days. 6. Rice leaf roller: This worm occurs five generations a year. The damage caused by the second to fourth generations is severe throughout the year. Pharmacological treatment can be used for 40% of the use of 40% rice Kang Kang 50ml or special kill WP 50g or 20% triazophos 100ml or insecticidal double 200ml or 20% wormwood 30-60ml water 60 Kilogram spray. 7. Rat damage: In recent years, farmland damage has become more serious. To carry out rodent control on farmland and reduce damage caused by rodents is an important measure to increase grain and increase income. Should increase the intensity of farmland rodent eradication, the implementation of five unified rodent control, so that rice fields, by the land, edible fungi places, drylands, farmhouses to control rodent synchronization, the implementation of scientific rodent control, vigorously promote the use of efficient, safe, no two Sub-poisonous new rodenticides 7.5% rodent decontamination agent, is strictly prohibited the use of fluoroacetamide, Tetramine, fluorocarbon and other highly toxic rat poison.