Potato Disease Urgently Needs Prevention
1. Scars This disease is a serious disease that occurs in addition to the late blight disease. When the disease occurs, the surface of potato tubers first produces brown dots, which expands to form brown round or irregular large patches. A large number of corky cells caused a rough surface, and later the central depression or bulge was a scab-like hard plaque. The lesion is limited to the skin not deep inside the potato, not with whitefly disease. Disease conditions Tuber growth before the early epidermis Carpentry before the bacteria infected from the lenticels or wound infection, suitable for the disease occurs at a temperature of 25 to 30 degrees, neutral or slightly alkaline sandy loam heavy disease, PH value of 5.2 or less With less incidence, the disease resistance of the varieties was different. White thin-skin varieties were susceptible to disease, brown and thick-skinned varieties were more resistant to disease. Control methods 1, selection of disease-resistant varieties 2, more decomposed organic fertilizer or green manure, can inhibit the incidence. 3, choose a good water conservation vegetable cultivation, potato drought should be timely watering. 2, whitefly disease The disease mainly damages tubers and roots, and sometimes stems can also be infected. Symptoms of tuberculosis on the onset of symptoms, the appearance of small brown spots on the surface of the needle at the beginning of the epidermis, peripheral translucent yellow halo, the latter small plaque gradually bulging, expanded, become a diameter of 3 to 5 mm range of "freckle", the epidermis has not yet Cracked, as a whitefly "closed cricket" stage. Following the development of the disease, the "freckle" epidermis ruptured and reversed, the subcutaneous tissue was orange-red, and a large number of dark brown powders were scattered. The "freckle" subsidence was crater-like, and the outer coriaceous corona ring was Whitefly's "open cricket" stage. The roots became infected, and on the side of the root, the size of the bean was single or aggregated. Disease conditions The disease is about 90% of soil moisture, soil temperature 18 to 20 degrees, soil pH value of 4.7 to 5.4, suitable for the development of bacteria. The severity of the disease mainly depends on the number of primary infections and primary infections, and it does not matter if field re-infestation occurs. Prevention and control methods 1, use disease-free seed potatoes, good harvest, storage, sowing off. If necessary, soak in 40% formalin 200 times for 5 minutes, then cover with plastic sheet for 2 hours, dry and sow. 2. Increase the use of decomposed organic fertilizers or bio-fertilizers, apply more plant ash, and change the soil pH. The use of sorghum cultivation, to avoid flood irrigation, to prevent spread of germs. 3, virus disease (I) Cause of disease Potato virus disease is a serious disease of potato, mainly due to the cultivation of poisonous seed potato, extensive cultivation and management, lack of fertilizer, and lack of water, which will aggravate the disease. (B) After the onset of symptoms, the plants are deformed, dwarf, and the yield is reduced. Due to the virus disease, potato seedlings can be degraded. After the potato has been infected, it mainly presents as wrinkled mosaic disease and leaf rolling disease. 1. Shrinkage mosaic. The dark green and light green leaves on the leaves, the leaves shrink, the tip of the leaf bends downward, shrinks, and the whole plant dwarfs. 2. Roll leaf disease. The leaf margin of the leaf blade curls upwards. In severe cases, it is cylindrical, the diseased leaf is slightly smaller than the healthy leaf, the leaf color is lighter, and the back of the leaf is sometimes red or purple. However, it is mainly lobular virus disease in Jiaoxian County. (III) Control methods 1. Strengthen cultivation management. Increase the row spacing, narrow the spacing between plants, high ridge and furrow cultivation, apply sufficient basal fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, reasonable irrigation, timely removal of diseased plants, reduce the incidence. 2, cure scorpion disease prevention. After the potato emerged, it was sprayed immediately to prevent the aphid from transmitting the virus. 3, chemical control. With 1.5% of the plant disease Ling 1000 times plus 20% of the virus A600 times spray, spraying every 7 days, even spray 3 to 4 times, the disease prevention effect is better.
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