Pay attention to the harvest of pre-harvest and early-maturing pears

Early-ripening pears fill the off-season of pear fruit supply from July to August, and have high cultivation benefits. However, due to the early maturity of the fruit, the fruit growers often neglect the harvest before and after the harvest, which seriously affects the tree potential of the early pear and the yield and quality of the second year. Therefore, we should attach great importance to fertilization management before and after harvesting to achieve high yield and stable yield and ensure cultivation benefits.

Pay attention to pre-harvest and post-harvest fertilizer

20 to 30 days before harvest (early July) This topdressing can promote growth, enhance absorption, deepen leaf color, increase leaf assimilation, promote fruit enlargement, and flower bud differentiation. This time, the topdressing is mainly based on potassium fertilizer, combined with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer. Post-harvest fertilizer. After harvesting the pear fruit, it is the storage period of the pear tree before the leaves. This catching fertilizer mainly deepens the leaf color, enhances the photosynthetic function, prolongs the leaf life, enriches the shoot bud tissue and increases the nutrient accumulation of the tree. The fertilizer is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The number of times of catching fat above, the amount of fertilizer, can be used according to the growth of the tree, the results of the situation, the weather conditions, and flexibility. The method of topdressing and the method of applying base fertilizer are basically the same, and the depth of fertilization is 20 cm. Young trees should master the principle of thin fertilizer and diligence, and apply fertilizers 4 to 5 times from March to July, each time with 100 to 150 grams of compound fertilizer.

Early application of base fertilizer

After the fruit is harvested, the grass is used to avoid the bare soil and the soil surface is exposed to ensure the soil temperature and water environment are stable. After the temperature has turned cold in late September to early October, combined with the application of base fertilizer, the whole garden is mowing the grass or covering the tree. The amount of fertilizer applied is 1 kg of organic fertilizer to produce 1 kg of fruit. Generally, 50 kg of organic fertilizer and 1 to 2 kg of compound fertilizer are applied to adult pear trees. The fertilization method can be carried out along the periphery of the canopy to open a “well” shaped ditch, or combined with the pear garden soil to be deep-cooked, and applied to the soil surface for ploughing, the depth is preferably 20-30 cm.

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Pheromone

Pheromone is a collective name for compounds that play a role in chemical communication between organisms, and which is the chemical molecular language of insect communication. Including sex pheromone, collection pheromone, alert pheromone, tracking pheromone, altruin, altruin, synergistic pheromone, evacuation pheromone. Pheromones are chemical substances that interact with each other and can affect each other's behavior, habits, and even development and physiological activities. Pheromone is produced by the glands in the body and is directly discharged to the outside. The pheromone is transmitted to other individuals by means of air, water and other conductive media. Pheromones are found in lower animals and higher mammals. Because the pheromone is transmitted by the external environment, it is also called pheromone. Chemical substances that interact between different species are called interspecies pheromones or heteropheres.

Insect pheromones are compounds used by insects to represent various information such as aggregation, foraging, mating, and alerting. They are the chemical molecular language of insect communication. At present, the basic control measures for pests in agricultural production mainly rely on chemical pesticides, but the long-term uncontrolled use of chemical pesticides has brought many side effects. The first is the emergence of pest resistance, which causes the use of drugs and drug concentrations to increase, the cost increases year by year, and the prevention and control of increasingly difficult; the second is to disrupt the ecological balance, while controlling a large number of natural enemies were killed, causing the pupae of secondary pests; Third, it pollutes the environment. A large amount of pesticides remain in crops, soils, rivers, lakes, and seas, and they are enriched in the human body through the form of food chain, causing another harm to humanity. Therefore, relevant research departments in many countries are currently working hard to explore and study new approaches and technologies for pest control. These studies include: the development of new, efficient, environmentally friendly, low-toxic, low-residue chemical pesticides; natural enemy insects and microorganisms The use of pesticides; insect sterilization technology and the application of insect hormones; among them, the research on the use of insect hormones, especially insect sex pheromones for pest control, is receiving increasing attention and attention.

Research on insect pheromone has been developing rapidly. Since the first insect pheromone Bombykol, has been isolated and identified, more than 2,000 insect pheromones and their analogs have been identified and synthesized worldwide, of which more than 100 insect pheromone To achieve commercial production, the production and research of Lepidoptera sex pheromones is the most extensive and comprehensive.

Insect communication, Including Sex pheromone, Collection pheromone,Alert pheromone, Tracking pheromone

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