The growth conditions of Agaricus blazei Murrill are similar to those of Agaricus bisporus and big fat mushroom. Agaricus blazei mycelium growth temperature is 10 °C ~ 30 °C, suitable temperature is 22 °C ~ 26 °C. The well-developed mycelium is resistant to high temperatures, is not afraid of drought, and has good moisture resistance and strong adaptability. The growth temperature of the fruiting body is 20°C to 33°C, and the optimum temperature is 22°C to 25°C, which is superior to other mushroom genera in its ability to withstand high temperatures. The moisture requirement of the culture material and the cover soil layer reaches 60% to 65%, the relative temperature of the mycelial growth is 60% to 75%, and the relative humidity of the fruit body formation and growth is 70% to 85%. The optimum pH of the culture medium is 6.5-6.8. The formation of fruit bodies requires a lot of fresh air. Cultivation Techniques 1. The timely production of strains in Nanjing, the general production of the mother in March (a first-class strains), the production of the original species in April (secondary strains), 5 to June production of cultivars. The mother seed was grown on a potato glucose medium (PDA) and incubated in an incubator at an appropriate temperature. When producing the original species and the cultivars, the composted fermented material is used to be placed in 750 ml strainer bottles or 25-28 cm 15-18 cm polypropylene plastic bags, and the tampon is used to plug the bag mouths. , and then tied with plastic rope. Cultivation materials for cultivars should be straw, wheat straw (or cottonseed husks) plus cattle, horse dung (or chicken manure, rabbit manure, etc.), and additional ammonium sulphate (or urea), phosphate fertilizer slaked lime, gypsum powder, etc. , and then dried, chopped, wetted with water, then bottled (bag), disinfected and sterilized. When the temperature dropped to 26°C, it was inoculated in the sterile room (box), and then the culture room was grown at a suitable temperature. It takes 40 to 50 days to grow mycelium. It is advisable that indoor cultivation in Nanjing be planted in the middle or late August. Late planting will affect the output of autumn fruiting. Outdoor cultivation (small arches) is usually better after mid-September. 2. Scientific composting culture materials need to use rice, wheat straw 2500 kg, dry cow dung or horse dung, chicken manure 2000-2200 kg, gypsum flour 50 kg, superphosphate 50 kg, slaked lime 25 kg, urea per 100 square meters area 30 kg, soybean powder 30-40 kg or bean cake 50-60 kg. First dry straw, cow dung pre-wet, from the ground from the heap, heap width of 2.0 to 2.5 meters layer of grass a layer of manure, piled into a trapezoidal, heap 6 to 7 layers, stacking height of 1.5 meters. After being piled up, if there is water leaking around, pour it on the haystack and keep the surface of the haystack dry. After 3 days, the stockpiles warmed up due to fermentation. After 6 to 7 days, when the temperature of the material rises above 60°C, it is necessary to turn it over once, and then every 3 to 4 days to turn it into a heap, for a total of 25 to 28 days. After the straw has been fermented, it turns into a brownish-brown color, which is relatively soft, hand-breaking, and has a special smell, indicating that the material has been piled up. If the secondary fermentation method is adopted, then the outdoor pre-fermentation is only carried out for 12 days, and then the mushroom house post-fermentation treatment is performed. 3. Conscientiously do a good job mushroom house management and cultivation materials should be moved into the mushroom house, and then let it cool down naturally, and piled material shake loose, flattened, adjust the humidity up to 65%, pH 6.5 ~ 6.8, each layer thickness About 20 centimeters, the material temperature dropped below 25 degrees Celsius sowing. Every 15 to 20 centimeters square will be inoculated with a hole, and the bacteria will be buried in the material and covered with some culture materials. Each square meter needs about 1.5 kg of bacteria. After 15 to 20 days of sowing, the hyphae generally spread evenly into the culture material of the mushroom bed. At this time, the soil should be covered. First cover a layer of longan-sized clay blocks, and spray water to keep it moist until it is seen that the hyphae will be covered with a layer of soybean-sized soil particles when they pass out of the earth seam. Water can neither be too wet nor too dry. There is no fertilizer in the cover soil, and suitable sandy soil with good water retention and air permeability is suitable. Agaricus blazei needs a lot of oxygen when it comes out of the mushroom, and it emits carbon dioxide, which should maintain good ventilation and ventilation conditions during fruiting. There should be a pull-out tube at the top of the mushroom house and a ventilation window on the four walls. Mushroom management should be based on the weather conditions, indoor air humidity to maintain 75% to 85%. After sowing, mycelium develops buds for 30 to 40 days, that is, it begins to mushroom. About 3 days after the fruiting body is unearthed, it is advisable to harvest it when the mushroom cover has not been developed (4 to 6 cm in diameter). Usually 10 days can be a mushroom, the entire growth period can be harvested 5 to 6 times. After each harvest, the bed should be cleaned and watered. When the fruit body grows to the size of soybeans, the amount of water spray should be increased to promote normal growth and rapidly increase production. Agaricus blazei, which is generally exported as processing, should be harvested, processed, and dried in a timely manner according to the requirements. That is, the mushroom cover has not yet been developed. The diameter of the cap is about 5 cm, and the length of the stipe is 1.5 to 2 cm. If it is sold as a fresh mushroom, it can be sold 1 to 2 days later to increase the total output and increase the profit. China Agricultural Network Editor
