The Highly Efficient Cultivation Technique of Zucchini in Sunlight Greenhouse
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1 Selection of good varieties used for winter and spring protected cultivation of golden yellow skin, smooth skin, fruit shape uniform, stick-like; female flowers and more continuous fruit capacity; crisp meat, good flavor, good commercial quality; disease resistance Strong, precocious, low-temperature-resistant, upright growing golden skin zucchini an excellent hybrid variety.
2 Cultivate strong seedlings
2.1 The deployment of nutrient soil selection greenhouses for nursery, easy seedling management. Before sowing, seedbeds are prepared and nutrient soils are reasonably prepared. That is, 6 high-quality field soils plus 4 portions of decomposed manure are crushed and sieved. Each cubic meter of sieved fine soil is mixed with ternary compound fertilizer 1.5kg and carbendazim 80g. Phoxim 60g, to ensure the amount of fertilizer at the seedling stage, insecticidal sterilization, after mixing evenly into the nutrient bowl, into the nursery pot, the width of 1.2m, arrangement requirements tight seamless. Planting 1 mu of greenhouse requires seedbeds of 30 square meters.
2.2 Appropriate sowing and sowing is appropriate in October and mid-October. Sowing can lead to virus disease too early. If the temperature is too late, the emergence of seedlings will not be able to supply the markets of New Year's Day and Spring Festival. Before sowing, the seedlings are soaked thoroughly. Each seed is planted with 1 seed, and 1.5 cm of wet fine soil is placed on it. It must not be too thin to prevent “covering†from unearthing, covering the film after sowing, and increasing the temperature and keeping the earthworms.
2.3 Seedling management before emergence, maintain a high greenhouse temperature, to 28 ~ 30 °C is appropriate, the seedlings to remove the plastic film to the ground, after the emergence of the first true leaf to expand, reduce the greenhouse temperature appropriately, during the day 20 ~ 25 °C, night 12 ~ At 15°C, preventing overheating at night causes leggy seedlings to grow taller. After the first true leaf is unfolded, the temperature of the shed is slightly increased, and the temperature of the pupa is controlled at 22-26°C and the night temperature is 12-16°C. During the nursery is not particularly dry and generally not watering, can be sprayed with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times fluid plus 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times liquid to prevent the occurrence of fungal and viral diseases. 7 days before planting, large ventilation, low-temperature hardening seedlings. The standard of strong seedlings is 3 leaves and 1 heart, with thick stems, short internodes, dark green leaves, short petiole, well-developed roots, and no pests and diseases. The seedling age is about 30 days.
3 Soil preparation, ridging and planting Gold skin squash plant growth potential, melon yards dense, long melon harvest period, the need for water and fertilizer. 1 mu of cultivated land must be applied with 10 square meters of high-quality fertilizer, 100 yuan of compound fertilizer, 100 kg of cake fertilizer, and deep-turn 30 meters. The whole plant should be fully buckled 10 days before planting, and 45% of chlorothalonil should be used. 300g closed smoke smoke disinfection. A high saddle-shaped 20-cm high ridge was used to dredge the ridge back and make a good bottom hoe. For convenient field management, the cultivars were cultivated in large and small rows with a row spacing of 80 cm, a small row spacing of 60 cm, a plant spacing of 60 cm, and 1600 plantings per acre. When planting water-planting seedlings, water infiltration after the cover soil, try not to loosen soil, protect the root system. Immediately after planting, cover the mulch, cover the soil on the ridge back and ridge bottom, and tighten and seal the wells.
4 Shed Management
4.1 Temperature regulation The regulation of the temperature environment in a good greenhouse and the creation of suitable microclimate conditions for the growth of zucchini are the key to successful cultivation. In temperature management, the "two high and one low" management method is adopted. The seedling period is not ventilated, maintain a high temperature environment within the shed, 25 ~ 30 °C during the day, 12 ~ 20 °C at night, promote early hair roots, early slow seedlings; increase ventilation, reduce the temperature appropriately, during the day 20 ~ 25 °C, 12 ~ 15 °C at night to promote plant growth and robust, conducive to female flower differentiation and early seat cucumber; seat melon, the daytime temperature is controlled at 22 ~ 26 °C, night 12 ~ 16 °C, conducive to nutrient transfer, promote the expansion of the melon body. In the haystack, the grass is covered in the early winter and the grass is covered in the early winter. The late winter grass and the early winter cover are suitable. To increase the insulation effect and prevent the rain and snow from soaking the grass, a layer of float can be added on the grass cover. Membrane, timely remove dust and grass clippings on the film, increase light transmission.
4.2 Lighting Management Zucchini is a long-day crop. Light should be filled in the deep winter season to wipe off the water droplets on the shed film. In order to increase the light, the light curtain can be hung in the back wall of the greenhouse or filled with fluorescent light.
4.3 Fertilizer and Water Management Roots Watermelon is generally not top-dressed before watering. When the melon root grows about 10cm, it can be poured with water. In the deep winter season, the water is poured under the dark film, and 15 to 20 days are used. Watering is not appropriate. Work hard, try to water with fertilizer, do not pour white water, if the base fertilizer is insufficient, can also be applied in the early stage of plant growth in the large-line between the per-mu three yuan compound fertilizer 100kg, or boiled soybeans 200kg. After the temperature rises in mid-February, the amount of plant growth and harvest will increase, and the amount of water and fertilizer should be increased in time. With the prevention and treatment of pests in the shed, the addition of KH2PO4, overmuch love, and maintenance of leafy fertilizer can promote the growth of leaves and increase yield.
4.4 Topdressing of carbon dioxide In the winter, sunlight greenhouses are closed, resulting in the lack of carbon dioxide in the shed and affecting the synthesis of photosynthesis. The traditional method of adding carbon dioxide gas fertilizer is to rely on organic fertilizers to produce carbon dioxide through the decomposition of soil microorganisms. Currently, carbon dioxide solid biological fertilizers can be used.
4.5 The use of hanging vines in hanging vine pruning sheds can effectively increase the photosynthetic capacity of leaves, increase the permeability, and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Usually when the vine is harvested, the upper part of the string is tied up and hanged down to the ground. The vine spreads on the base of the vine, and the vine spreads on the string with the growth. When the plants have harvested 3 to 5 tender melons, the vines can be dropped with the vines, and the soil can be properly cultivated to promote the development of adventitious roots and enhance the absorption capacity. When falling, the first old leaves, diseased leaves, side vines and open male flowers should also be promptly hit to minimize nutrient consumption.
4.6 Guaranteed Fruits and Fruits Squash husks are not only inexhaustible, but also have low temperatures and insects, and artificially assisted pollination is required. The flower pollination method can be used, or the application of 20-25mg/mg 2,4-D smear cucurbits, both methods can receive good results.
4.7 Harvested zucchini squash is mainly eaten with melons. After flowering, it takes 10 to 12 days. After melons are well-proportioned, about 25 cm in length and 250 g in weight can be picked and marketed. Especially the root melon, should not be left too large, so as not to affect the growth of the upper melon. When harvesting, the incision should be as far away as possible from the main vine, and then stored in plastic bags, baskets or gift boxes for sale.
5 Disease and Insect Pest Control Sheltered squashes are susceptible to a variety of diseases. In addition to strengthening the management of cultivation, promoting robust growth of plants, and enhancing resistance, they must also adhere to chemical control. The golden skin zucchini is susceptible to chilling mildew before the colonization of the melons. It can be sprayed with 64% antivirus powder or 25% metalaxyl wettable powder 500 times; common diseases include gray mold and white powder. Disease, can be used 50% fasting WP 1000 times, 40% amimycin suspension 800 times and Fortune 4000 times solution to prevent and cure; late high temperature season multiple viral diseases, available 20% virus A WP 500 times Or 15% Phytopathogenic Emulsion 800 times spray control.
