Integrated control of peanut root knot nematode disease
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Symptoms: The main damage to the plant's underground, causing the aboveground growth and development. All parts of the groundnut (roots, pods, etc.) that can be soiled can be harmed by nematodes. When the main roots of the peanuts begin to grow after sowing, the nematodes invade the tip of the main root, causing the apical swell to become a spindle or irregular worm. , The surface is rough, the initial period is milky white, and then it turns yellow-brown. After many times of re-infection, it forms a "root of fibrous roots" and has a bad smell. After peanuts were damaged, the function of roots to absorb water and nutrients was hindered, and root nodules decreased, stems and leaves became yellow, and flowering was postponed with few scars. By the July to August rainy season, the diseased plants changed from yellow to green, but they were still healthy. The dwarf plant is small and the diseased plant has few results, but it can also form root knots on the neck, pedicel and husk. Insect mites are an important basis for identifying this disease.
Second, the incidence of conditions: 1. Soil temperature: when the soil temperature 11 ~ 12 °C when the eggs began to hatch, larvae hatched hatching at 15 °C. The larvae develop a suitable temperature of 25-28 °C. 2. Soil Moisture: The year of drought is generally heavy and it is lighter in rainy years. The optimum soil moisture for larvae invasion is 70%. Nematodes can move up and down due to changes in soil moisture. 3. The sandy soil or sandy soil with loose soil texture is very loose, especially the hills with low fertility. Low-grade, re-alkaline, and sticky soils have little or no incidence. 4. The incidence of continuous cropping is heavy and the rotation is light.
Third, comprehensive prevention and control:
1. First, strengthen quarantine to protect non-disease areas; in areas without disease, strengthen agricultural control, and if necessary, carry out chemical control.
2. Strengthen agricultural prevention and control: (1) The plots with peanut root knot nematode disease must be harvested and harvested in depth so as not to leave the roots and fruits in the soil. At the same time, the peanut pods and weeds should be dug up by the roots. In addition to burning. (2) Increase organic fertilizers, deepen the soil, and reduce disease. (3) Rotation: 2 to 3 years with cereal crops or sweet potato rotation. The longer the age of rotation, the smaller the population density.
3 Chemicals treatment soil: iron gram gram dosage of effective ingredient 500 grams; with 3% carbofuran or 15% aldicarb granules per kilogram 3 kg of soil plus soil 40 to 50 kilograms after mixing, covering peanut seed pier, efficacy can be Maintain for 45-60 days; DDT mix 35-45 kg per acre, combined with spring tillage, autumn tillage or half-monthly ditch depth of 15 cm before planting, ditch 21-24 cm, immediately after the liquid is uniformly applied Cover soil to prevent the volatilization of the medicine and reduce the efficacy of the medicine. Apply the medicine once to maintain the efficacy for 2 to 3 years.
3. Chemical control, soil treatment Before peanuts sowing 3% of 3% carbofuran granules per acre and seeding at the same time, sowing seeds must be layered to prevent phytotoxicity and pay attention to human and animal safety. 3% Kebaiwei granules Mushi 5 kg, 3% methyl isothiophos granules 10 kg to treat the soil.
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