Agricultura
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1. Production schedule. Black fungus is a moderate temperature type, ear temperature is generally 12 ~ 28 °C, should be planted in January to February each year, 4 to May ear; Auricularia is a high temperature type, ear temperature is generally 15 ~ 32 °C It is planted every year from March to April and eared from May to June.
2. Culture formulation. The moisture content of the culture material is required to reach 65%, and the ratio of material to water is 1:1.25 to 1.3. In order to hold the hand into a group, there is water in the finger but not in drops. Commonly-used culture ingredients (%) are: 1 cotton seed shell 30, corn cob 30, sawdust 30, bran 7, gypsum 1, compound fertilizer 1, phosphate fertilizer 0.5, lime 0.5; 2 cottonseed husk 30, corn stalk 60, bran 7 , Gypsum 1, Compound Fertilizer 1, Phosphorus Fertilizer 0.5, Lime 0.5; 8 Cotton Seed Hull 30, Corn Cob 60, Bran 7, Gypsum 1, Compound Fertilizer 1, Phosphate Fertilizer 0.5, Lime 0.5. All the above formulas need to be added with 0.6% clotrimazole.
3. Bagging sterilization. Cultivation bags use 17cm38cm0.035cm low-pressure polyethylene bags or polypropylene bags, each bag 0.5kg dry material, bagging must be tight, both ends with plastic ropes. The bag is then placed in an atmospheric pressure sterilizer and held at 100°C for 10-12 hours and then boring for 12 hours. Autoclaving can also be used, and 1.5 pressures can be maintained for 1.5-2 hours.
4. Inoculation of bacteria. The sterilized bag was cooled to below 25°C for inoculation. When the temperature was around 10°C, the temperature was inoculated. When the temperature is high, it is best to arrange for inoculation in the morning or evening; inoculation can be carried out in the inoculation box or inoculation room, after 30 minutes of disinfection and sterilization, unfasten the bag mouth access bacteria, and then tie the bag mouth. The inoculated culture bag was placed in a culture room for germination. The germination temperature of the previous species should not be lower than 20°C, the germination period should not be higher than 30°C, and direct light should be avoided.
5. Ears in the shed. The good-growing cultivation bag is moved into the ear canopy for ear management. The method can be carried out using a hanging bag method or stereoscopic wall-type ears. 1 hanging bag ear method: the development of good bacteria cultivation bag, according to conventional hanging bag law draw 10 to 12 ears. 2 Three-dimensional wall-type ears: Both sides of the cultivation bag of good bacteria will be cut with 6 to 8 "1"-shaped blades with knife blades, and with the blade not connected as a standard, the well-growing cultivation bag will be moved into the ear canopy. , stacked 7 to 8 layers. When the ear base is formed and the young ears are grown, the humidity is increased, and the normal management is performed. Normal temperature can generally be harvested within 10 to 15 days. This kind of ear extraction method is characterized by large ears, thick ears, small roots, and good product characteristics, and is suitable for fresh sales.
6. remind ears. After entering mid-May, when the temperature stabilizes above 20°C, the ear is hurried. Warming during the day, humidification, ventilation and cooling at night, widening the temperature difference between day and night, after 10 days of moisturizing, temperature management can form the ear base.
7. Ear management. When the inner ear base of the bag is formed, the air humidity begins to increase, and a small amount of water is sprayed on the small ear piece every morning and evening to increase the air humidity, and the ventilation management is performed; the air humidity in the shed reaches 85% or more, and the air is fresh, so as to promote the ear base length. A small tab is formed at the outlet. 9. Fruiting body growth period management. After the formation of small ears to increase the humidity and ventilation, spray the best mist spray, more fog, rainy days increase ventilation, prompting the rapid development of the ear. In the growth period of fruiting bodies, dry and wet alternation management should be performed. The water should be stopped for 2 to 3 days, allowing the mycelia to recuperate, accumulate nutrients, and then increase the humidity so that the ear pieces can fully absorb water. The entire ear should avoid high temperature and high humidity, so as to avoid ear infection or fungal infection. Black ear fungus ear temperature should be controlled at 15 ~ 25 °C, not more than 28 °C; hair fungus ear temperature control at 15 ~ 33 °C, not more than 35 °C. If the temperature is too high, the fruit body will accelerate the cell division, the accumulation of dry matter is small, and the ears are thin; if the temperature continues to rise and exceed the limit, the fruit body will dissolve and rot. In order to avoid the occurrence of undesirable phenomena, the principle of “seven wet three dry and wet and dry alternate†should be observed in the water management. In addition, the fruiting body must have enough scattered light during the growth phase to promote the growth and hypertrophy of the ear piece, and the color is black and bright to improve the quality.
10. Harvest. When the ear piece is fully expanded, the edges will be thinned and the ear roots will be shrunk. The spores will be harvested before being ejected. 1 to 2 days before harvesting, stop the water, let the sun shine directly on the cultivation bag and fungus, until the ear shrinks and dries when the roots are picked, the post-harvest cultivation bag will stop water and keep the bacteria for 7 to 10 days, and then the first The ear's management method handles two ear ear ear management.
11. Note. 1 corn stalk must be fermented well, in order to feel soft, do not tie bag principle. 2 timely harvest, appropriate early mining, so as not to reduce the quality of the next production.