Clinical significance of two-and-a-half-checking of hepatitis B
Small Air Hose Reel,Portable Air Hose Reel,Wall Mount Air Hose Reel,Commercial Air Hose Reel NINGBO QIKAI ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.hosereelqikai.com
Two and a half pairs of hepatitis B are the most commonly used serum markers for detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Hepatitis B virus immunological markers are a total of 3 pairs, namely surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibodies (anti-HBs or HBsAb), e antigen (HBeAg) and e antibodies (anti-HBe or HBeAb), core antigen (HBcAg) and core antibodies (anti-HBc or HBcAb). Two pairs of hepatitis B, also known as hepatitis B, the significance of its examination is: check whether the specific situation of hepatitis B infection and infection, distinguish the big three yang, small three yang.
Two-and-a-half-tests are used to determine whether to infect hepatitis B or to roughly estimate the level of viral replication. Two-and-a-half pairs are less informative of the severity of the disease. Liver function is an important test to measure whether the liver has hepatocyte necrosis or inflammation. Among them, transaminase is the most important thing. The treatment needs liver function as an important reference. HBV DNA test is a reference for judging how to treat, and also has a certain reference significance for infectivity. The higher the general DNA, the stronger the infectivity, and the need to check with the liver function.
1. HBsAg-surface antigen: It is the coat protein of hepatitis B virus. It is not contagious by itself, but its appearance is often accompanied by the presence of hepatitis B virus, so it is a sign of hepatitis B virus infection.
Clinical significance: It is a sign of infection and does not reflect the strength of viral replication and infectivity.
2, HBsAb-surface antibody: generally referred to as surface antibody. When the hepatitis B virus invades the human body, it stimulates the immune system of the human to produce an immune response, and the B lymphocytes in the human immune system secrete a specific immunoglobulin G. It can specifically bind to surface antigens, and in combination with other immune functions of the human body, the virus can be removed and the human body is no longer infected by hepatitis B virus, so the surface antibody is called a protective antibody.
Clinical significance: a major marker of neutralizing antibody markers, whether they are rehabilitated or whether they are resistant.
3, e antigen (HBeAg): generally known as e antigen. It originates from the core of hepatitis B virus and is a subcomponent of the core antigen or a product of cleavage of the core antigen. The e antigen is a soluble protein. When the core antigen is cleaved, the soluble protein fraction (ie, the e antigen) is dissolved in the serum and is present in the blood circulation, which can be detected if blood samples are taken.
Clinical significance: It is a sign of viral replication. If it persists for more than 3 months, it has a chronic tendency.
4. HBeAb-e antibody: The e antibody is an abbreviation of hepatitis B e antibody (anti-HBe), which is a specific antibody produced by the e antigen to stimulate the human immune system. This specific e antibody can bind to the e antigen. .
Clinical significance: for the virus replication stop sign, the virus replication is reduced, the infection is weak, but the anti-HBe and anti-HBs are different, the e antibody is not a protective antibody, does not mean that the patient has immunity.
5, HBcAb-core antibody: Although the core antigen can not be detected in the serum (it is quickly lysed in the blood), but it is antigenic, can stimulate the body's immune system to produce characteristic antibodies, namely core antibodies, so detection Anti-HBc can understand whether the human body has been stimulated by the core antigen, that is, whether it has been infected with hepatitis B virus. So anti-HBc is a sign of a viral infection.
Clinical significance: signs of infection or infection. The core antibody IGM is a newly infected or viral replication marker. The core antibody IgG is produced after infection and has a certain significance for assisting two pairs of tests.
Two pairs of normal values ​​of hepatitis B
Hepatitis B two-and-a-half examination is divided into qualitative examination and quantitative examination. In qualitative examination and quantitative examination, the two pairs of normal values ​​of hepatitis B are different.
In the two-and-a-half qualitative examination of hepatitis B, the results of the examination are usually indicated by the "+" or "-" sign, the "+" sign indicates positive, and the "-" sign indicates negative. The normal value of two pairs of hepatitis B is "-" negative, indicating that the hepatitis B virus marker is not detected in the serum.
In the two-to-half quantitative examination of hepatitis B, the normal value of two pairs of hepatitis B is 1HBsAg: <0.5ng/ml (nng/ml) 2HBsAb: <=10MIU/ml 3HBeAg<=0.5PEI U/ml 4HBeAb: when HBeAb quantitative < = 0.2 PEI U/ml 5HBcAb: <= 0.9 PEI U/ml.
The "two pairs of hepatitis B" in routine physical examination is a qualitative examination of serological indicators, just routine screening. At present, the medical profession advocates more accurate quantitative examination of serological indicators, not only can judge negative or positive, but also know the specific value, help doctors to more accurately determine the status of hepatitis B virus infection.
Blood HBV-DNA examination is more direct and important for the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus, and is used to determine whether there is viral replication and infectivity in the blood. If the blood's HBV-DNA exceeds the normal reference standard, indicating a viral replication, you are a occult hepatitis B patient. At this time, it is meaningless to re-inject the hepatitis B vaccine, but should be actively consulted and consulted in the specialist; if the blood HBV-DNA test is negative, it means the recovery period of the disease. At this point, you can try to inject hepatitis B vaccine to promote the body's protective antibodies against hepatitis B virus.
Clinical significance
The following are the clinical significance of hepatitis B virus serum markers (commonly referred to as five or two pairs of hepatitis B):
No. HBsAg HBsAb HBeAg HBeAb HBcAb clinical significance
9 common patterns
1 - - - - - Past and present have not been infected with HBV.
2 - - - - + (1) Previous infections failed to detect anti-HBs; (2) HBsAg had disappeared during recovery, anti-HBs had not appeared; (3) Asymptomatic HBsAg carriers.
3 - - - + + (1) Previously infected with HBV; (2) Recovery period of acute HBV infection; (3) A few specimens are still infectious. 1HBV infection has passed; 2 window period before anti-HBs appear. HBeAg appeared later in the latent period of hepatitis B, slightly later than the appearance of HBsAg, and disappeared earlier, closely related to HBV-DNA. Its clinical significance is: (1) can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis indicator for acute hepatitis B.
The recovery period of acute hepatitis B often disappears with the disappearance of HBsAg. If 3-4 months after the onset of acute hepatitis B, HBeAg turns from yin to yin, anti-HBE appears, indicating a good prognosis. Onset of 3-6 months, still HBeAg (+), may be the earliest evidence of acute hepatitis conversion to chronic . (2) It is helpful to judge the infectiousness of hepatitis B patients or HBV carriers. HBeAg is present in the serum of HBsAg-positive people, indicating that Dane particles are present in the blood, and most of the HBV-DNA are positive, and the three are basically parallel. Therefore, HBeAg(+) is highly contagious. Anti-HBe(+) is generally less contagious. However, if serum HBV-DNA (+) may have HBV mutants, there is still some infectivity; (3) HBeAg positive indicates that HBV replicates in vivo. Anti-HBe occurs before and after the disappearance of HBeAg. This period is called the seroconversion period, that is, from the HBV replication period to the non-replication period. The presence of anti-HBe often suggests that HBV proliferation is attenuated or terminated. However, if the nucleotide sequence of the pre-C region of the HBV gene prevents the formation of HBeAg, HBV remains in the blood circulation, liver disease may continue to develop, and gradually evolve into cirrhosis; (4) HBeAg in the presence of primary liver cancer The detection rate decreased, while anti-HBe, a-FP increased. Therefore, in HBsAg(+) patients with cirrhosis, anti-HBe(+), a-FP increased, suggesting the possibility of early liver cancer; (5) maternal and child During transmission, HBeAg(+) may increase the transmission rate between mother and baby during pregnancy.
4 - + - - - (1) Immunization with hepatitis B vaccine; (2) past infection; 3 false positive.
5 - + - + + Rehabilitation after acute HBV sensation.
6 + - - - + (1) Acute HBV infection; (2) Chronic HBsAg carriers; (3) Infectious.
7 - + - - + Previously infected with hepatitis B virus, the virus has been basically cleared and the body is recovering. However, some patients still have abnormal liver function and DNA positive. If there is any mutation in the virus, they should continue treatment. , still have immunity. HBV infection, recovery period
8 + - - + + (1) Acute HBV infection tends to recover; (2) Chronic HBsAg carriers; (3) Infectious. It is commonly known as the "small three yang".
9 + - + - + Acute or chronic hepatitis B infection. Prompt HBV replication, strong infection. It is commonly known as the "big three yang".
16 rare patterns
10 + - - - - (1) Early HBV infection, acute HBV infection latency; (2) Chronic HBV carriers, weak contagious.
11 + - - + - (1) Chronic HBsAg carriers are easy to turn negative; (2) Acute HBV infection tends to recover.
12 + - + - - (1) Early acute HBV infection, (2) chronic carriers, highly contagious.
13 + - + + + (1) Acute HBV infection tends to recover; (2) Chronic carriers.
14 + + - - - (1) early stage of subclinical HBV infection; (2) secondary infection of different subtypes of HBV.
15 + + - - + (1) early stage of subclinical HBV infection; (2) secondary infection of different subtypes of HBV.
16 + + - + - Subclinical or atypical infection.
17 + + - + + subclinical or atypical infection.
18 + + + - + Early subclinical or atypical infection. HBsAg immune complexes, new different subtypes of infection.
19 - - + - - (1) Atypical acute infection; (2) Early in the early stage of infection before anti-HBc, HBsAg titers were low and negative, or false positive.
20 - - + - + Atypical acute infection.
21 - - + + + Mid-term acute HBV infection.
22 - + - + - HBV infection has recovered.
23 - + + - - Atypical or subclinical HBV infection.
24 - + + - + Atypical or subclinical HBV infection.
25 - - - + - Acute HBV infection tends to recover.
7 rare patterns
26 + + + + + 1 a subtype of HBsAg and atypical anti-HBs (common); 2 the process of sera from HBsAg to anti-HBs (rare).
27 - + + + -
28 - + + + +
29 - - + + -
30 + - + + -
31 + + + - -
32 + + + + -
Two-and-a-half quantitative detection of hepatitis B can evaluate and predict the efficacy
Two-and-a-half quantitative detection of hepatitis B can provide an accurate level of hepatitis B virus markers. This is not only a methodological advancement, but also a great advantage in clinical use. Clinical application shows that the level of two-and-a-half quantitative detection of hepatitis B is a reliable basis for the diagnosis of hepatitis B. The data show that an increase in the level of serum hepatitis B virulence triggers the body's immune response, resulting in liver damage, manifested by elevated transaminase (ALT). The detection of hepatitis B virus content can not only better reflect the serum serum level and infection intensity of hepatitis B virus carriers, but also has important significance for the dynamic observation of hepatitis B virus content changes before and after treatment and evaluation and prediction of efficacy. Therefore, changes in the two-to-semi-quantitative detection of hepatitis B are important for the evaluation and prediction of efficacy, and are effective indicators for efficacy observation. If the concentration of HBsAg and HBeAg decreases, it indicates that the condition is improved and the treatment is effective, especially the decrease of HBeAg concentration until disappearing, which is the best embodiment of the therapeutic effect. If the concentration of HBsAg and HBeAg does not decrease during the treatment, it indicates that the efficacy is poor or ineffective, and the treatment plan should be considered. Otherwise, the timing of treatment will be delayed and it will be unfavorable to the patient.
Two-and-a-half quantitative detection of hepatitis B can evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccination
After the hepatitis B vaccine is injected, the body produces reactive antibodies. By quantitatively detecting the concentration of anti-HBs, the degree of antibody production can be known. High concentrations of anti-HBs indicate that the vaccine is successfully injected. If the concentration is low or even undetectable, the vaccine is injected. Poor or ineffective. After a certain period of vaccination, the antibody concentration will gradually decrease. At this time, anti-HBs are quantitatively detected. If the concentration is low, a booster injection is needed to ensure that the body maintains an effective immune state.
Two-and-a-half quantitative detection of hepatitis B can reduce the rate of misdiagnosis
Hepatitis B two-and-a-half quantitative detection is more sensitive than qualitative detection. When the hepatitis B virus marker is at a low concentration, the qualitative test can be negative, and the quantitative test can still be detected, which reduces the rate of missed diagnosis to some extent and avoids misdiagnosis. It fully embodies the superiority of two-and-half quantitative determination of hepatitis B.
Two pairs of semi-quantitative testing notes for hepatitis B
When conducting two-to-half quantitative detection of hepatitis B, it is necessary to pay attention to the selection of large-scale liver disease specialist hospitals. They generally have advanced testing equipment, which can reduce the error in detection and improve the accuracy of detection, and provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B. This also avoids the additional financial burden and mental burden of misdiagnosis and mistreatment.
Treatment measures for hepatitis B two-and-a-half positive
Some manifestations of hepatitis B virus in the past, no need to medication mainly:
(1) Hepatitis B virus surface antibody is single positive. This is the best meaning of hepatitis B "two-and-a-half" index positive, immune to hepatitis B virus, is a protective antibody, the purpose of normal hepatitis B vaccine is to let the body produce hepatitis B virus surface antibody.
(2) Hepatitis B virus surface antibody, e antibody and core antibody are positive at the same time; or hepatitis B virus surface antibody and core antibody 2 anti-antibody positive; or hepatitis B virus e antibody and core antibody 2 positive; or only hepatitis B virus core Antibody 1 is positive. The above four cases can appear in the test list. If the liver function of the inspected person is always normal and there is no discomfort, it can only represent the previous infection by hepatitis B virus. For those who have been infected with hepatitis B virus, they do not need to take medication at all. They do not have Infected or fully recovered, in general, there is no need to inject hepatitis B vaccine, and you can live and work normally.
(3) Hepatitis virus carriers, the so-called "small size three yang", and liver function is normal, liver puncture also no pathological damage. In this case, it is generally not recommended to use the drug, and the effect of the drug is not good. As long as regular liver tests, away from tobacco and alcohol and other toxic substances that are relatively harmful to the liver, basically no pathological symptoms can occur throughout life. Indiscriminate use of drugs may cause the virus to mutate and aggravate the condition. That is to say, the virus carriers generally do not need to use drugs at all. The national medical examination policy also requires that the virus carriers and non-drugs be treated equally.
Hepatitis B virus infection patients with abnormal liver function, liver pathological damage, and even clinical symptoms such as jaundice and fatigue, generally need medication, but the type of medication is very different, must be different from person to person, different treatment. There are:
(1) Hepatitis B virus surface antigen, e antigen and core antibody are positive at the same time, which is called "big three yang", indicating that hepatitis B virus is active in the body and is highly contagious. It should be treated with antiviral drugs, and strive to make hepatitis B virus e antigen negative. That is, from "big three yang" to "small three yang". Interferon therapy can be used if the patient "Da Sanyang" is accompanied by a history of elevated transaminases, inactive cirrhosis, and no liver disease. Lamivudine is used in a wider range than interferon, such as active hepatitis, cirrhosis, etc., but patients are preferably older than 16 years of age.
(2) Hepatitis B virus surface antigen, e antibody and core antibody are positive at the same time, which is called "small three yang"; or hepatitis B virus surface antigen and core antibody are positive at the same time, called "small yang". This situation should be treated differently: A. Hepatitis B "small three yang" or "small yang", normal liver function, negative detection of hepatitis B virus DNA, indicating that the degree of viral replication has decreased or significantly relieved, indicating that the condition is improved, infectious Reduce, at this time only need to take some liver-protecting drugs, such as liver-protecting gold tablets, Luofu Jianganling, Fufang Yiganling, etc. If you do not take medicine, close observation can also be used. B. Although it is "small three yang" or "small two yang", the hepatitis B virus DNA test is positive, and the liver function is always abnormal. This negative conversion is caused by the hepatitis B virus mutation, which indicates that the disease tends to be complicated. Or the condition is aggravated and still needs active treatment. The therapeutic drugs can be used as traditional Chinese medicine preparations, such as Luofu Jianganling and Kushensu, and lamivudine can also be tried.
In particular, it should be pointed out that at present, the standardization of hepatitis B diagnostic reagents sold in China is not enough. Basically, some reagents have poor stability, and there are counterfeit and shoddy phenomena. In addition, some units have inaccurate detection methods, and instruments, blood samples and temperatures are often objectively affected. Factors, there may be "two pairs of half" false positives, false negatives, the results of the two blood samples of the same blood sample are contradictory. Therefore, when you get a "two-and-a-half" positive report, you should first treat it calmly. Ask a specialist to help analyze and judge it. If necessary, go to a specialist hospital for review and verification.
Hepatitis B check adds new indicators
It used to be "two halves", and later added a HBcAb-Igm (core antibody Igm), which became three pairs. Now there is a Pre-S1 (hepatitis B virus pre-S1 antigen, referred to as S1 antigen), "two Half-to-half has become "three-and-a-half".
There are three main reasons for the detection of hepatitis B virus pre-S1 antigen: one is to make early diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection; the other is to judge the condition of hepatitis B patients; the third is to help patients with drug selection and prognosis. The purpose of the "two-and-a-half" examination is to diagnose the patient's infection status, viral replication, prognosis of the disease, and observation of the efficacy of the drug. The detection of pre-S1 antigen can make up for and strengthen the deficiency of "two-and-a-half" detection from five aspects:
1. Because the pre-S1 antigen appears in the earliest stage of acute hepatitis B infection, it can be detected before the elevation of transaminase, so it can be used as an indicator for early diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection.
2, the earlier the S1 antigen in the acute hepatitis B patients, the earlier the prognosis, the better the prognosis, is the earliest sign of viral clearance. Conversely, the pre-S1 antigen continues to be positive, indicating that the infection will develop into chronic hepatitis.
3, anti-HBe (+) chronic hepatitis B accounted for about 30-50% of chronic liver, S1 antigen positive before detection, suggesting that the virus is on the machine
Continued replication in the body, such patients are more likely to evolve into cirrhosis or liver cancer. Pre-suppression of S1 antigen compensates for the diagnosis and treatment difficulties caused by the loss of HBeAg.
4. Among the asymptomatic carriers of HBV (hepatocellular DNA virus), there is a certain proportion of anti-HBe(+). Before the addition, the S1 antigen can reflect that the virus is still active in the body, suggesting that the virus is not cleared, and the liver still has Potential for pathological damage.
5, anti-viral treatment of hepatitis B, before the S1 antigen can be used as a pre-treatment patient screening (indications) and treatment efficacy judgment, especially against HBe (+) chronic hepatitis B patients antiviral drug treatment can play Important role. (It has been reported in foreign countries that interferon is not suitable for the former C region variant.)
Therefore, testing two and a half, plus S1 antigen can play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, HBV asymptomatic carriers and antiviral treatment of hepatitis B.
HBV=DNA meaning
HBVDNA is the genetic material that enables hepatitis B virus to replicate new viruses, referred to as hepatitis B virus genes. Hepatitis B virus has only antigen and no HBV DNA, and it does not infect others because it does not have the ability to replicate the virus, and the patient is completely cured. When measuring the condition of hepatitis B patients, doctors need to test whether the blood contains HBV DNA (qualitative, positive or negative) to determine whether it is infectious; and also to measure the amount of virus (viral load), is to determine the infection The level of sex is usually the number of copies of the virus per ml (copy/ml) indicating the viral load in the patient's blood.
The qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of HBV DNA is very important for the diagnosis and medication of the doctor. If it is positive and the hepatitis B virus load is high, it must be treated, otherwise the condition will change. Some people may cause cirrhosis due to repeated illnesses; others may cause cancer by integrating DNA of hepatitis B virus and human liver cells.
The difference between hepatitis B two-and-a-half examination and HBV DNA examination
Two pairs of hepatitis B can only reflect the carrying pattern of antigen and antibody in the body and the immune status of the body under certain conditions, providing indirect evidence for hepatitis B virus infection. The presence of HBV DNA is a direct evidence of hepatitis B virus infection and is the gold standard for diagnosis.
When you are not sure whether you are infected with hepatitis B virus and transmit it to your neighbors and friends, it is best to apply for HBV DNA examination on the basis of two-and-a-half-checks of hepatitis B. The results can not only reflect whether the body is infected with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis B virus. Force and contagious, and can evaluate and monitor the efficacy of antiviral drugs on chronic hepatitis B.
Inspection precautions
common:
1. Hepatitis B surface antigen positive does not mean liver disease
According to the epidemiological survey in China, the hepatitis B e antigen HBeAg positive in the hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg positive patients was 31.94%. HBeAg-positive is a marker of hepatitis B virus reproduction, and HBsAg-positive individuals are not necessarily contagious. At the same time, even if there is hepatitis B virus reproduction, there is no damage to liver tissue. Therefore, there is a difference between HBsAg positive and liver disease.
Second, the hepatitis B two-and-a-half test results are not all have hepatitis B
Many people think that they have hepatitis B when they see a red "+" on the two-to-half test list of hepatitis B. It is pointed out that the positive results of the two-and-a-half test of hepatitis B are not all obtained from hepatitis B. The second person is positive, indicating that he has antibodies in itself. As long as the hepatitis B virus wants to invade, it will initiate a counterattack and have a protective effect on human health. There are still many people who are positive in the fifth item, indicating that they have been infected by hepatitis B virus. However, due to their good physical condition and strong immunity, the hepatitis B virus can not harm the vitality. As long as they continue to maintain good living habits in life, they are guaranteed to be strong. The resistance, hepatitis B, don't want to be easily wrapped around.
Third, the misunderstanding of hepatitis B "two pairs of half" application detection
Because most HBV-infected people are only carriers, they also have an immune response, and get different "two-and-a-half" results. Therefore, fundamentally speaking, the positive result of “two-and-a-half-half†reflects only the infection of HBV, and there is no causal relationship between it and the clinical condition.
Fourth, mistakenly believe that two pairs of hepatitis B check is qualitative inspection
The two-and-a-half-test of hepatitis B is divided into quantitative and qualitative examinations. The specific examination results need to be analyzed by a professional doctor. Hepatitis B patients also need to check the hepatitis B virus DNA and liver function, and then analyze the degree of viral infection and infectious intensity based on the comprehensive results. There are many people who are invaded by hepatitis B, and they have no influence on their families and children. Therefore, when they encounter hepatitis B, they must first distinguish between "good and evil."
5. The results of two and a half tests of hepatitis B are that the size of Sanyang does not reflect the severity of the disease and the intensity of contagion.
This problem is a common problem in the two-and-a-half-check of hepatitis B, and it is also the most prominent manifestation of the Chinese people's misunderstanding of hepatitis B. People always regard Dasanyang and Xiaosanyang as signs of serious illness and contagiousness. Dasanyang and Xiaosanyang only reflect the number of hepatitis B virus in patients with hepatitis B, and cannot reflect the severity of the disease and the strength of contagion. There are many viruses in the big three yang, and the number of viruses in the small three yang is small. Infectious strength should be judged based on the results of hepatitis B virus DNA (HBVDNA) examination. Xiao Sanyang is not necessarily milder than Dasanyang, and some of the small Sanyang in active period are even more serious than Dasanyang.
What is the meaning of hepatitis B in two pairs of 45 positives?
Hepatitis B two-and-a-half-45 positive is divided into two cases:
First, it indicates hepatitis B virus infection, but the human immunity has been cleared or is being cleared, which belongs to the recovery period of the disease. Therefore, we should adhere to health care and treatment, and when the fourth positive disappears, it can be cured. At the same time, it should be noted that there is no hepatitis B surface antibody, no protective effect, therefore, should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, according to the principle of 0.1.6, can produce antibodies.
Second, hepatitis B two-and-a-half-45 positive may be the result of hepatitis B virus mutation. In vivo, hepatitis B virus produces drug resistance or virus mutation through treatment, resulting in no correct results, and hepatitis B is half-45 positive.
For such patients, you should go to a professional hospital for examination. The test can not only accurately reflect the hepatitis B virus DNA, but also accurately identify the hepatitis B virus variant strain to prevent missed diagnosis.
No need for fasting before inspection
In fact, it is only a two-and-a-half check for hepatitis B. It is not necessary to have an empty stomach. However, if you want to do a metabolic-related examination, such as liver function, you must have an empty stomach, and pay attention to rest the night before, do not eat too greasy food.
No need for an empty stomach
Hepatitis B two-and-a-half test is a test test, mainly to detect the hepatitis B virus antigen in the body, that is, the response of hepatitis B virus and the body, it is used to determine whether the human body is infected with hepatitis B virus, and a rough assessment of hepatitis B virus in the body. Level, so the two-to-half check of hepatitis B is not directly related to metabolism. Eating does not affect the indicators of HBV antigen antibodies, that is, it does not affect the accuracy of the test results. So no need for an empty stomach.
How long does it take for two and a half pairs of hepatitis B to check?
Doctors generally require hepatitis B patients to check hepatitis B for two and a half times, but how long does this regularly mean? Is there a time concept, how long is it better to check hepatitis B for two and a half? The interval between two pairs of hepatitis B and hepatitis B should not be too long, but too It is meaningless to check frequently. It is generally recommended to check the two halves of hepatitis B every six months.
Excessive examination of hepatitis B patients or hepatitis B virus carriers does not make much sense for clinical treatment. A hepatitis B virus DNA test costs about 200 yuan, and some patients have to test hepatitis B virus dozens of times a year, but repeated observations of changes in the value of hepatitis B virus DNA do not make much sense for clinical treatment.
At present, in addition to the five tests for hepatitis B, there are more than 20 other indicators of hepatitis B virus. For example, it takes several thousand yuan to do these projects. In general, if the patient does not have special antiviral treatment, there is no need to frequently check the hepatitis B virus index and the virus mutation index, and the necessary examination should be selected according to the condition of each patient. Some hepatitis B virus carriers do a B-ultrasound every one or two months. In such a short period of time, liver tissue does not change much, so over-frequency examination is not necessary.
The key to the two-and-a-half effective containment of hepatitis B is to standardize and optimize the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B. How to detect and follow up, how to scientifically and rationally use effective drugs for the treatment of hepatitis B, and the standard should be as detailed as possible. Antiviral immunotherapy can be used for hepatitis B treatment. If the medicine is used reasonably for the disease, there is no need to check the frequency too much to reduce the damage to the liver.
The two-and-a-half-check of hepatitis B is best checked once every six months. Checking too often is not only a waste of money, but also does not make any sense for the condition of hepatitis B patients.
The following points should be noted before the two pairs of hepatitis B check :
1. Try not to take medicines one day before the two-half check of hepatitis B, especially the drugs for liver damage, such as antipyretic and analgesic drugs, hormone drugs, etc.
2, before the two pairs of hepatitis B check to pay attention to drinking alcohol, so as not to cause liver damage, and affect the results of the examination.
3, if it is not just to check the two pairs of hepatitis B, it is best to go to the hospital for an empty stomach.
The cost of two-and-a-half-checks for hepatitis B varies from region to region, ranging from tens of dollars to more than one hundred yuan. Depending on the local consumption situation and the specific conditions of the hospital, please consult the local hospital for the detailed price.
Hepatitis B two pairs and a half
The traditional view is that hepatitis B virus infection can be ruled out in HBeAg-positive patients, and HBeAg-positive patients have strong viral replication and infectiousness. HBeAb-positive patients are the opposite; HBsAbs show immunity to HBV after basic appearance. Not contagious. However, with the development of molecular biology, many advanced methods and techniques have been born, which have made people's research on hepatitis B virus more in-depth. Numerous studies at home and abroad have shown that HBV-DNA is detected to varying degrees in the above six modes by fluorescence quantitative PCR, that is, the presence and replication of viruses, even in the mode of two-and-a-half-negative hepatitis B.
This is due to the lack of correction function of HBV DNA polymerase, host immune pressure and drug treatment, which makes the hepatitis B virus gene generally mutate during the continuous infection of hepatitis B virus, which makes it difficult for conventional kits to detect mutations in the body. Hepatitis B virus serological markers (such as HBsAg, HBeAg) are expressed or not expressed at low levels. In other words, the hepatitis B virus serum immune marker can only reflect the carrying pattern of antigen and antibody in the body and the immune status of the body under certain conditions, providing indirect evidence for hepatitis B virus infection; and the presence of hepatitis B virus-DNA is the direct cause of hepatitis B virus infection. Evidence is the gold standard for diagnosis.
When you are not sure whether you are infected with hepatitis B virus and transmit it to your relatives and friends, it is best to apply for hepatitis B virus-DNA detection (real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR) on the basis of two-and-a-half of hepatitis B. The results can not only reflect the body. Whether it is infected with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B virus replication and infectivity, and can evaluate and monitor the efficacy of antiviral drugs on chronic hepatitis B. As an extremely effective experiment, this method has been widely used in various fields of clinical research. Compared with traditional PCR, it is not only easy to operate, fast and efficient, but also has high sensitivity and specificity. It also performs amplification and real-time measurement in a closed system, which greatly reduces the possibility of contamination.
Usually, please do not drink, smoke, eat too spicy food, do not participate in strenuous activities and stay up all night. Regular review of liver function tests. I wish you health!