Natural Antibiotic Resistance Genes Help Research of Transgenic Plants
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A newly identified plant gene may change the way we develop transgenic plants, thus alleviating people's concerns about transgenic plants, which was published in a paper published in the "Nature-Biotechnology" published in September. Arabidopsis thaliana is an Arabidopsis plant. Neal Stewart and colleagues have discovered a natural antibiotic resistance gene in this plant that will provide a powerful alternative to currently used transgenic methods. Traditionally, transgenic plants have been genetically engineered to incorporate bacterial resistance markers (ARMs) to identify whether the seedlings contain exogenous genes. The healthy growth of plants depends on their resistance to antibiotics. Since the 1980s, the method of "pinning" antibiotic-resistant genes into foreign genes of interest has been widely used in plant research. Based on health and safety considerations, it is theoretically possible that this method can reverse "horizontal gene transfer" back to bacteria, that is, eating transgenic plants can increase our resistance to antibiotics used in genetic engineering. Stewart et al. pointed out that the Arabidopsis gene AtWBC19 may replace bacterial resistance markers. Overexpression of this gene can lead to resistance of tobacco plants to the common antibiotic Kanamycin. AtWBC19 belongs to a group of proteins that specifically capture and expel phytotoxicity, and it can be as effective as ordinary bacterial resistance genes against kanamycin, such as neomycin phosphotransferase from E. coli. Because of the intracellular structure and the different mechanisms that promote the growth of bacterial organisms and plant cells, the team believes that genes obtained through bacteria are highly unlikely to deliver antibiotic resistance. As a plant gene that will be used for plants, AtWBC19 addresses people's concerns about the combination of genetic material that crosses borders. Moreover, researchers believe that AtWBC19 may replace neomycin phosphotransferase in the development of soybean, cotton, canola and solanaceous plants and forest tree species.