The Key Techniques of Spring Wheat in the North of Huanghuai Region
Since the autumn of 2011, the accumulated temperature of the northern Huanghuai wheat area greater than 0°C is about 60°C higher than the normal temperature; the average precipitation is about 100mm, which is about 70mm more than last year. Pre-winter seedling surveys found that the overall condition of wheat seedlings was good. The percentage of one type of seedlings is about 48%, which is 2% higher than last year. The second type of seedlings is 38%, which is 4.5% lower than last year. The three types of seedlings are 14%, which is 1% lower than last year, and the long wheat field is 5%~ 7%. However, we should also see some unfavorable factors in wheat production: First, there are some prosperous plots. Since the autumn of wheat, the temperature in this area has continued to be high, coupled with good soil moisture, and the problem of prolonged wheat growing in some areas with early sowing and excessive sowing has been highlighted. Second, there is a potential risk that weeds and sheath blight will occur. According to the data from the Soil Moisture Monitoring Bulletin, there are considerable areas in the north of Huanghuai where there is a problem of excessive soil moisture or persistent wetness. Most of the wheat areas do not have pre-winter weeding and weed control. Therefore, it is highly probable that weed disasters will occur in spring, and the high temperature and high humidity environmental conditions make the occurrence of wheat sheath blight more likely. In response to the above situation, the technical measures for spring wheat field management are as follows: Plane suppression, promote weak seedlings, Wang Miao turns strong. Freezing and thawing of the soil will loosen the topsoil, which is not conducive to the combination of root and soil and absorption of water and fertilizer. Therefore, the soil shall be repressed in the early spring after thawing to increase the ground temperature, sink the soil, bridge the cracks, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, and avoid cold air. Invasion of frozen seedlings in the gap near the birthing section. Not only that, but the suppression of repression also helps to suppress the growth of the upper part of Wangmiao and control its growth. Properly delay spring watering time. Due to the high soil moisture content, the wheat population is large, and small tillers continue to occur, and their decline is slow. The watering time in spring should be postponed properly, promote the early growth of wheat, accelerate the polarization of wheat tiller, and form a robust population. Integrated weed control. Due to the fact that the accumulated temperature above 0°C before winter is higher than that of normal years, and the number of precipitation and precipitation are large, a considerable part of the wheat fields in the northern Huanghuai region have not been pre-winter weed control. There are many types of weeds and the base number is large. Big. It is necessary to carry out chemical weeding in conjunction with the weather, wheat seedlings, and weeds after the repression and suppression of the weeds. Strengthen the control of sheath blight. Since pre-winter high-temperature and high-humidity conditions are conducive to the formation and development of sheath blight, attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of spring wheat sheath blight. 1. Reduce the humidity and canopy of the field by cutting and weeding to reduce the occurrence of wheat sheath blight; 2. In the middle and early March, use 5% Jinggangmycin agent 250 ml/mu or 20% Triadimefon EC 50 ~ 60 ml / mu, 50 ~ 100 kg of water, spray on the stem base of wheat, severe disease field interval 7 to 10 days and then spray once. Spring fertilizer management. Get up jointing period, combined with water per acre topdressing 15 to 20 kg of urea. In wheat fields without phosphorus and potash fertilizers as base fertilizer, 10 kg urea and 15-20 kg of diammonium phosphate can be topdressed per mu. Farmers Daily Bosgoo(China)Tecgnology Co., Ltd , http://www.laohuang.com