Fengshui Xingli in grain areas in northern China promotes the transformation of agricultural development methods

Water conservancy is the lifeblood of agriculture. In recent days, reporters interviewed in Henan, Hebei, Heilongjiang and other places learned that in the opening year of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, the main grain-producing areas in the north of our country are focusing on water conservancy construction, and on the basis of ensuring the stability of grain production, Continue to do a good job and do a good job of “water” articles to promote the transformation of agricultural development methods and achieved remarkable results.

Solidify the foundation of “water” to ensure stable grain harvest

“During the spring of last year, the drought was severe. When the Chinese New Year was over, everyone was still busy with drought-resistance and pouring of wheat. However, from the subsequent harvest, the output was good and there was no impact from the large scale. In the past, it was hard to imagine.” Yan Lijun, a villager in Liushang Village, Xiangyun Town, Wenxian County, said.

Fan Lijun told the reporter that in 2011, from sowing to harvesting, his family’s wheat was poured five times in water, which was impossible in the past. First, water conservancy facilities could not keep up, the ground may be waterless, and the second would be felt. It is not worthwhile to choose to give up.

“Now is not the same. First, in recent years, the government has invested a lot of new wells and improved irrigation conditions. Second, the state attaches great importance to agriculture. It not only grants direct subsidies for grain production and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural resources, but also resists drought. To subsidize, farmers are motivated to fight against drought and water."

According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics Henan Survey Corps, the output of autumn grain in Henan Province exceeded 48 billion kilograms for the first time in 2011, reaching 48.22 billion kilograms, an increase of 1.29 billion kilograms over the previous year. With summer grains, the total grain output for the year was 110.85 billion kilograms. The previous year increased production by 2.11 billion kilograms, an increase of 1.9%. As a result, Henan's total grain output has increased for eight consecutive years, exceeding 100 billion kilograms for six consecutive years.

In Hebei and Heilongjiang provinces, the construction of farmland water conservancy infrastructure continued to strengthen, and grain production in 2011 also achieved a bumper harvest. Among them, the total grain output of Hebei Province reached 63.4 billion jins, achieving an “eight-point increase”; Heilongjiang Province substantially increased production on the basis of 100.26 billion jins in 2010, and the total grain output reached 111.41 billion jins, becoming the new national grain production “champion” province".

Chen Shiliang, a villager of Jiejialou Village, Gaoguanzhuang Town, Ganzhou City, Hebei Province, said: “Before the land was poured on a diesel engine, the hose was pulled, which was both laborious and power-consuming. Now, more than 10 machine wells have been drilled in the ground. Pumps are laid with impervious pipes, and if the water is poured on the ground, it will be easier and more cost-effective than before.

Relevant data show that as the country's largest commercial grain base, in 2011, Heilongjiang Province hit nearly 29,000 new drought-resistant water wells and 837 new small-scale water storage projects, and water resources control and protection capabilities have been further enhanced.

Do a good job of "water" articles to promote development

The 50-year-old Liu Xueyou is a farmer in Pengdian Town, Xi County, Henan Province. His land cooperatives have contracted tens of thousands of mu of land for many years. Apart from subcontracting, his current homeland cultivation still amounts to more than 3,000 mu. In 2011, the old Liuyang planted more than 100 million yuan, and was awarded the title of National Grain Harvester, which rewarded Dongfanghong Tractor.

“There is a saying of a kind of crop, which is called 'half the remaining half of the crop, and the drought is not met'. Now that the irrigation and water conditions of the farmland are getting better and better, without this, it is impossible for us, and we dare not let go of our hands and feet. Good grain," said Liu Xueyou.

It is understood that with the continuous strengthening of farmland water conservancy construction, the northern grain area of ​​our country is actively exploring and guiding farmers to transfer land contractual management rights under the principle of lawfulness, voluntariness, and compensation, and a large number of Liu Xueyou type grain producers have emerged. It has effectively promoted the transformation of agricultural production and management methods, and the degree of agricultural organization has been significantly improved.

According to a survey conducted by the Rural Economic Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Office of the Leading Group of the Central Rural Work Group, at present, there are about 476,400 large grain-cultivated households with an area of ​​more than 100 acres in China, and the area of ​​farmland under management reaches 97,440,800 acres. Among them, the scale of grain production in Heilongjiang Province and Heilongjiang Reclamation Area totaled over 300,000 households, and the large grain producers in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province each exceeded 50,000 households.

Some grain areas with water shortages are trying to make a fuss about “saving water”, which will force the transformation of agricultural development patterns.

Daqing District, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, Zhusan Township, Pingqiao Village Farmer Guo Jingquan planted more than 60 acres of corn in 2011, of which 43 acres use drip irrigation technology. After the autumn, the amount of corn per mu increased by more than 800 kilos.

Lin Chunhe, director of the Department of Rural Water Resources of the Department of Water Resources of Heilongjiang Province, introduced that there is no natural water system in Daqing City and there is a concept of “ten spring droughts in ten years.” Drought and water shortage seriously restrict the development of local agriculture.

“Maize corn film drip irrigation is a comprehensive and comprehensive technology for water conservancy, agricultural machinery, agronomy, seeds, and chemical fertilizers. The implementation of this technology has effectively promoted the development of agricultural irrigation and mechanization, and at the same time has driven and promoted agriculture. Scale management and intensive production," said Lin Chunhe.

Solve the bottleneck of "water" and continue to develop space

Wang Shushan, director of the Department of Water Resources of Henan Province, introduced that in 2011, riding on the Dongfeng of the Central “No. 1 Document”, Henan Province fully mobilized all positive factors, and water conservancy infrastructure investment exceeded 10 billion yuan for the first time, reaching 10.29 billion yuan. In particular, the construction of small-scale farmland water conservancy facilities should be carried out according to local conditions, so that the irrigation water use factor should be increased to 0.576, and the comprehensive agricultural production capacity should be significantly enhanced.

“In spite of this, the shortage of water resources and the lagging construction of farmland water conservancy are still a major constraint on agricultural development and food security,” said Wang Shushan. “Especially in the context of the province’s grain production year after year, this bottleneck has become even more significant. prominent."

During the drought in winter and spring of 2011, the reporter interviewed Shijiazhuang Village, Shanhua Township, Yanshi County, Henan Province, and found that due to the adequacy of water resources in the Yiluo River, two irrigation stations were built in the 1970s due to aging and disrepair. The original four-level lift became two levels, and the village’s 3,000 mu of land can now be poured at most 2000 mu.

To a certain extent, the consumptive water constrains encountered in Henan Province are widespread in northern China's grain-producing areas: Hebei Province has more than 94 million acres of arable land, but only 40.48 million mu of water-saving irrigation area; in Heilongjiang Province, the effective irrigation of farmland is only 6000. Million acres, less than 30% of the cultivated area, water-saving irrigation area accounts for only one-third of the irrigated area.

The wonderful page of the "12th Five-Year Plan" opening year has been turned over. In the face of the ups and downs in 2012, local governments are seizing opportunities and striving to achieve new breakthroughs.