Adult fish pond polyculture small "Ukrainian" benefits

As we all know, there's a saying in southern Hubei: "A pool of fish is afraid of a black wolfberry sperm." The local fishermen refer to the carp as "black peony" or "black wolfberry essence," and it's considered one of the most valuable freshwater fish in China. With its large scales and predatory nature, it feeds on small fish and shrimp, making it a top predator in freshwater ecosystems. Traditional aquaculture practices strictly prohibit mixing different species like eels, grass carp, and oysters in the same pond, as larger fish like carp can easily consume smaller ones. However, during a survey conducted by the Political Consultative Committee of Xianning District, Hubei Province, it was discovered that Zhang Songbai, a prominent aquaculture producer from Yutan Village, Guanyiqiao Town, had developed a unique approach to polyculture. Zhang, along with others, managed two 4,000-mu water areas for captive fish farming and also intensively raised fish on 30 mu of land. Drawing from 15 years of experience, he found that introducing small amounts of squid and sassafras into large fish ponds could boost income by approximately 300 yuan per mu. Huang Xi, also known as the yellow horn, has a large head, smooth body, and fast swimming speed. It primarily feeds on shrimps and snails. Through careful observation, Zhang noticed that the largest local eels weigh about 4 pounds and only eat small fish under 2 inches long, while 1.5-pound carp mainly target 1-inch fry. Based on this, he stocked five 1-inch carp fry and 50 half-inch yellow lotus seedlings per acre in his adult fish pond. With a yield of 15 pounds per mu at 11 yuan per kilogram, the income reached 165 yuan, and with another 15 pounds per mu at 9 yuan per catty, the total came to 145 yuan, totaling 309 yuan per mu. Additionally, due to abundant food resources, the output increased by 1-2%. After consulting 9 fish farmers and 3 experts, it was concluded that introducing a small number of squid and astragalus in the adult fish pond helps eliminate other wild fish, reducing competition for food and waste. These species occupy different ecological niches, allowing better use of water resources. The survival competition among species increases their activity, leading to higher food intake and faster growth, creating a balanced ecosystem. This dynamic also enhances oxygen levels in the water, promoting a healthier and more prosperous environment. Squid and astragalus are high in the food chain and have delicious meat, often priced 2.5 times higher than regular fish. Proper polyculture can significantly improve economic returns. However, overstocking can lead to an overload of food resources and water stress. A recommended ratio is 5-6 squid and 50-60 yam seedlings per acre. Interestingly, a zoo in the U.S. once kept tigers and deer together, but since tigers would eat the deer, they were separated. This led to less activity and slower growth in the deer. By applying biological principles such as "using waste and retreating" and the philosophy that "competition promotes development," it is suggested that fish farmers introduce appropriate amounts of carp and yellow peony into adult fish ponds to optimize both ecological balance and economic efficiency.

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