Scale prevention of pig farms
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Large-scale pig farms have a large number of pigs and have a high stocking density. They often introduce pigs because of the production needs of pig farms. This leads to a significant increase in the incidence of some contagious diseases and serious pig production. Threatened. Therefore, the establishment of practical veterinary prevention procedures to prevent the occurrence and spread of various infectious diseases is directly related to the rise and fall of large-scale pig farms and their success or failure. Production practices have proved that in order to effectively control the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, large-scale pig farms must do the following veterinary epidemic prevention work. 1. Isolation of pathogens in large-scale pig farms must strictly implement a segregation system to prevent the introduction of various pathogens. The door of the production area shall have full-time personnel responsible for the disinfection of incoming and outgoing personnel and vehicles. Before entering the production area, foreign and local personnel must be strictly disinfected, and the uniforms and shoes must be replaced before entering the pig house. Off-site vehicles and appliances are not allowed to enter the production area. Trading pigs and commercial pigs must be conducted off site. The feed shall be carried in the special line (net road) of the special car; the excrement shall be transported out of the site via the contaminated road from the closed underground pipeline or special vehicle. Introduction is one of the main ways of transmission of infectious diseases. In order to ensure the safety of pig farms and prevent the transmission of the disease, breeding pigs must be introduced from the non-epidemic areas, quarantined by local animal husbandry and veterinary departments, observed for one month in isolation, confirmed as healthy and disease-free after examination, and sprayed for disinfection after systemic spraying. The conditional pig farms are best practiced by self-cultivation and self-support systems. 2. The purpose of strict disinfection is to kill various pathogenic microorganisms in the external environment, including preventive disinfection, temporary disinfection and routine disinfection. Commonly used disinfection methods include mechanical cleaning and chemical disinfection. Mechanical cleaning can greatly reduce the dirt and pathogenic microorganisms in the pig house, and improve the disinfection effect of chemical disinfectants. Chemical disinfection is the most commonly used disinfection method for large-scale pig farms. Commonly used disinfection drugs include caustic soda, quicklime, peracetic acid, 100-toxic toxin, chlorine-containing disinfectant and benzalkonium chloride. According to the production practice, under normal feeding and management conditions, a large-scale pig farm can conduct 2-3 large-scale preventive disinfections per year, and 2-3 pigs per month can be disinfected. Pigs adopting the “full-in, full-out†rearing method should undergo a thorough site cleaning and disinfection after they have been out. The delivery room requires a strict disinfection before and after the farrowing. If there is an epidemic disease on the farm, temporary disinfection should be strengthened. Disinfectants and contaminated farms should be promptly disinfected. Thorough terminal disinfection must be carried out after the epidemic has been extinguished and the blockade has been lifted. 3. Immunization immunization is one of the main measures to prevent the occurrence of various infectious diseases on large-scale pig farms. For large-scale pig farms, it is necessary to conduct vaccination against important infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease and swine fever, and it is necessary to prevent vaccination against breeding diseases such as pseudorabies, parvovirus, and Japanese encephalitis in breeding farms; Streptococcus, streptococcal, transmissible gastroenteritis, asthma, porcine contagious pleuropneumonia, etc., should be selectively vaccinated according to the prevalence of epidemics in various regions. There is no uniform regulation on the immunization procedures for vaccinations on large-scale farms. All localities and pig farms shall formulate their own actual immunization procedures according to the actual conditions of local and local farms. Pork attenuated virus vaccine: Piglets are first exempted at 20 days of age; second exemption is conducted at 50-60 days; breeding sows (empty harbor) are boosted twice a year. Piglet foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine: piglets 30-40 days old first free; 60-70 days old free; breeding pigs twice a year to strengthen immunity. Porcine pseudorabies attenuated vaccine: The sow is immunized once a month before mating; the adult boar is immunized once a year. Inactivated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome: First exemption of sows 1 to 2 weeks before mating; second exemption after 20 days. Encephalitis B attenuated vaccine: gilts, pregnant sows, and boars are vaccinated once every 4 to 5 months. Parvovirus inactivated vaccines: First-time sows were immunized once 2 to 4 weeks before mating. 4. Veterinary staff monitoring the scale of the disease on the pig farm should constantly check the pigs to observe the movements, rest, feeding, drinking water, and excrement of the pigs, find out the abnormalities, and deal with them in time. The pathological necropsy should be promptly performed for the abnormally dead pigs, and a preliminary diagnosis should be made based on the results of the necropsy. The corresponding measures should be taken in time to prevent the further expansion of the epidemic; for the undiagnosed sick pigs, the diseased material should be collected to further laboratory diagnosis. So as to avoid unnecessary economic losses. 5. Scientific veterinary epidemic prevention operations on farms on a large scale shall adopt the following comprehensive measures: improving feeding and management conditions, grasping the microclimate environmental control of the farms, reducing various stress factors, and implementing the principle of prevention as the main and prevention as the emphasis. For pig farms with stable varieties and strains, the principle of self-cultivation and self-sustaining should be adhered to as far as possible; feed nutrition should be comprehensive and reasonable, meet the nutritional needs of different growth stages and different production performance; and scientific feeding management techniques should be promoted to improve the herd population. Disease resistance.