The principles and methods of fattening cattle on shelves
Fresh Ginger,Ground Ginger Root,Minced Fresh Ginger,Minced Ginger Root Yirun Agricultural Cooperative , http://www.yiruncn.com
The so-called shelf cattle means that under relatively coarse conditions, the growth and development of cattle is inhibited. The bovine bone grows faster and the muscle growth is relatively slow. The skeleton is basically close to the adult cattle with body muscles and less fat lean cows. Once the feeding conditions improve, these cattle gain weight quickly, compensating for the inhibited growth and development process. The fast fattening of cattle on the shelf has the advantages of small risk, short period, quick effect, high benefit, etc. It is an important way for farmers to become rich. 1 Scientifically-purchased Shelves Shelves are the first step in cattle fattening and should pay attention to the following aspects. One is variety. To select hybrids. Due to the advantages of hybridization, crossbred cattle and local cattle generally show strong vigor, strong resistance, good adaptability, good growth and development, and high meat production. It is possible to use foreign excellent meat or dairy cattle and frozen semen for cattle breeding to improve the local yellow cattle and select the first and second generation hybrids of these breeds as fattening cattle. The second is age. As a shelf beef fattening, it is best to use meat cattle of 3 to 5 years old. During this period, cattle mainly grow muscles and deposit fat. Generally after 2 to 3 months of fattening, body weight can be 500 to 600 kg slaughter, can obtain considerable economic benefits. The third is body condition. Body condition is the basis of fattening and directly affects the effect of fattening. The oversized cows eat much and have a large body weight, but the length of the meat is not ideal. For a cow with a too small body, it is difficult to raise, the weight gain is small, the body is light, and the fattening effect is not good. Therefore, it is better to choose the middle level, especially the group of cows that have been grazing. Although the appearance of this kind of cow is poor, it is generally very good after fattening. It has a fast growth and a quick weight gain. The fourth is estimated weight. In the market to buy cows, some sell their heads, and some sell by weight. If you sell by weight, use the method of estimation. The formula for estimating the weight of hybrid improved cattle is: body weight (kg) = (brist) square (cm) body oblique length (cm) 12500. In the formula, the chest circumference refers to the vertical circumference of the scapula posterior border body, and the body slant length is from the shoulder end. The distance from the leading edge to the posterior edge of the ischial end. The fifth is gender. Gender also has a big effect on the weight gain of cattle. In the same feeding conditions, the bull gained the fastest weight, followed by calves, and the cows were the slowest. Therefore, for cattle fattening on shelf cattle, first select the bulls, followed by calves. 2 Handily adaptable feeding before fattening 2.1 Allow newly purchased cattle to gradually adapt to the new environment and new forage to eliminate various stress reactions during transportation. After purchasing the cow, let the cow rest for a long time and then drink 1% saline and feed some hay. If the cow's stool is dry and the urine is red, use a bezoar Qing Huo pill to regulate the stomach and remove the fire. Pay attention to continue to observe cattle feed intake, drinking water, rumination, etc. 2.2 Most cattle have a certain amount of parasites, which directly affects the fattening effect. The repurchased cattle are wormed 3 to 5 days later to improve the fattening effect. At present, there are many kinds of deworming drugs, and levamisole and trichlorfon can be applied, but the insect-resistant spectrum is narrow and the effect is not satisfactory. Afuding is the first choice for deworming. It can also remove nematodes from livestock and poultry as well as other parasites such as ticks, cockroaches, and fly pupae. Powders are of moderate price and easy to use. They can be fed or mixed in feed. The cow uses 1 gram per kilogram of body weight. Deworming is best arranged in the afternoon or evening so that it excretes the body during the day. If the worm body is not discharged in time, the dead worm body is decomposed and absorbed in the intestine. This can cause symptoms of poisoning in the cattle; in addition, some parasites that have not died will be re-parasitized after the drug is treated. Therefore, after taking anthelmintic drugs, it is necessary to feed some laxatives, such as Glauber's salt, to excrete the worms in time. Before the administration, it is best to stop for 6 to 12 hours and only give drinking water to improve the efficacy. The bowel and stomach are usually carried out 3 days after deworming. Gase Jianwei San, once a day, 250 grams each time, even for 2 days. For individual thin cows, 50 to 100 yeast tablets can be fed at the same time. 2.3 After worming stomach, zearalan was implanted behind the ear to promote development. The method of using zearalenol is to bury the medicine in the subcutaneous adipose capsule of the left ear of cattle with 36 mg per implant. There are special instruments and the method is simple and convenient. 3 Strengthen the stage of assault and fattening. It is advisable to use high-energy, high-protein feeds to supplement minerals, vitamins, etc. to fully meet the nutrients required for the growth and development of cattle. At the same time, strengthen management. 3.1 Strengthen nutrition to meet the needs of growth and development of fattening cattle 3.1.1 Formulate a feasible fattening plan based on the weight of fattening cattle, environmental conditions, and forage grass feed. In principle, all kinds of green grasses are not limited in summer and autumn, and all kinds of hay stalks in winter and spring are not limited. For 250-300 kg body weight cattle, the proportion of concentrate in the diet is 55% and the crude protein content is 11%; for 350-400 kg body weight cattle, the proportion of concentrate in the diet is 75%, and the crude protein content is 10.8%; 450- More than 500 kilograms of weight cows, the proportion of concentrates in the diet accounted for 75% to 80%, crude protein content 10%.