Calla lily soilless culture technology
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First, the choice of species. Calla lily common horticultural species are white handle species, green handle species and red handle species. White stem species, small tubers, petiole base green, slow growth, white sparse buds, flowering early, a few flowers, tubers 1-2 cm in diameter can flower. The green shank tuber is thick, the petiole base is green, the growth potential is strong, the plant is tall, the flower is yellowish white, the flower is late, the tuber diameter must reach 5-6 cm or more to bloom. Red shank species have moderate growth potential, with a reddish base at the base of the petiole, white spathes, and an anthesis between the white shank species and the green shank species.
In addition, there are some common horticultural cultivars that belong to the same species as Zantedeschia, such as silver calla lily, red flower calla lily, yellow flower calla lily and so on.
Calla lily soilless forms of cultivation mainly pot and trough. Potted plants generally use short, compact, white-stemmed cultivars, calla lilies and silver calla lilies. For the purpose of large plants, tall green stem species or yellow calla can be used. To use calla lily as a cut flower, it is appropriate to use trough culture.
Second, soilless cultivation system. Calla lily soilless cultivation system mainly consists of planting tank, drip irrigation system, nutrient solution pool, water pump and liquid supply timer. The planting tank can be made of bricks, the width of the tank frame is 80 cm, and the height is 20 cm. The length of the planting tank is determined by the actual length of the greenhouse, and the general requirements do not exceed 30-40 cm. The tank is first covered with a plastic film to isolate the soil and then placed in a 15-18 cm thick matrix. The soil-free cultivation medium suitable for cutting calla lily has rice hull ash, sawdust mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1 or a mixture of perlite and sawdust matrix in a 2:1 volume ratio. The drip irrigation system can use in-built drip irrigation belts with outlet holes of 10 cm or 20 cm and 2 rows per planting trough. The volume of the nutrient pool is generally 1-2 cubic meters. The pump selection depends on the working pressure and quantity of the drip irrigation belt. In general, three greenhouses can be supplied with a submersible pump with a power of 450 watts.
Third, planting. Soilless cultivation of calla lily can be planted in late August. The healthy, disease-free and uniform-sized bulbs were selected and planted in planting troughs at 15 cm spacing. Consistently sized bulbs spaced 40 cm apart and bulbs inserted 3-4 cm deep. After colonization, 2 drip irrigation strips were placed on the outside of the bulb.
Fourth, nutrient solution management. The nutrient solution of calla lily soilless culture can adopt the following nutrient solution formula: 800 g of calcium nitrate, 210 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 250 g of magnesium sulfate, 500 g of potassium nitrate, 30 g of ammonium nitrate, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid iron salt 10 g, 2 g of manganese sulfate, 1 g of zinc sulfate, 1.3 g of boric acid, 0.15 g of copper sulfate, 0.1 g of ammonium molybdate. At the early stage of growth, the concentration of nutrient solution can be controlled at 1.2ms/cm; at the middle and late stages, it can be appropriately increased to 1.5ms/cm. During the entire growth period, the ph value of nutrient solution should be adjusted to 5.6-6.5. The supply of nutrient solution depends mainly on the weather conditions and the size of the plant. Generally, the supply of fluid is 2-3 times a day to ensure that the cultivated substrate is moist and there is a shallow water layer at the bottom of the tank.
Fifth, plant management and pest control. Calla lily plant management is relatively simple, mainly the removal of yellow leaves and part of the outer leaves. The purpose of stripping the extra leaves is to avoid the crowded blades affecting the lighting and ventilation, and the peduncles stick out. The pests and diseases of calla lily mainly include bacterial soft rot, aphids, and red spiders. Bacterial soft rot can harm leaves, petioles and tubers, mainly transmitted by tuber, and can be controlled by 500 times Bordeaux mixture spray for initial disease.
