Ten measures to increase soybean production
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Soybean cultivation involves various techniques to enhance yield and quality. Here are some effective methods:
1. **Transplanting Seedlings**: Soybeans are planted using whole seedlings. When the two cotyledons have fully unfolded, the seedlings are transplanted, which typically increases yield by 10-20%. This method helps ensure stronger, more uniform growth.
2. **Leaf Pressing**: During the early stages of soybean growth, when the first compound leaves appear, selected seedlings are pressed at noon on sunny days using animal or mechanical force. This practice can boost production by 8.5-10% by controlling excessive vegetative growth and promoting better resource allocation.
3. **Top Pruning**: In the early flowering stage, the top of the main stem is manually removed by about 2 cm. This technique encourages more lateral branches and improves pod set, leading to a yield increase of 7.2-10.8%.
4. **Rare Earth Application**: Coating seeds with 2 kg of rare earth per 1 kg of soybean seed enhances growth. Additionally, spraying a 0.03-0.04% rare earth solution during the seedling and early flowering stages can raise yields by 15-20%.
5. **Ammonium Molybdate Spraying**: Applying a 0.05% ammonium molybdate solution before and during flowering—25-30 kg/667 sqm before flowering and 40-50 kg/667 sqm after flowering—can improve yield by 5-10%, supporting better nutrient uptake and disease resistance.
6. **Paclobutrazol Spraying**: During the branching to early flowering period, spraying a 250 ppm paclobutrazol solution (50g per 667 sqm) can increase yield by 20%. It also helps control soybean mosaic virus and prevent lodging.
7. **Sodium Bisulfite Spray**: Using 8g of sodium bisulfite in 50kg of water, sprayed once during the initial and full flowering stages, can boost yield by an average of 10.5%, improving photosynthesis and stress tolerance.
8. **Triiodoformic Acid Spraying**: Applying 100ppm and 200ppm solutions during the initial and full flowering stages can increase yield by 5-23%, enhancing plant metabolism and reproductive development.
9. **Growth Enhancer Spraying**: Spraying a 20-30ppm growth enhancer solution twice during the flowering to podding stage, with a 7-10 day interval, and 50-70kg/667 sqm each time, can lead to a 3-15% yield increase.
10. **802 Growth Regulator Spraying**: Applying 20ml of 802 growth regulator per 40kg of water during the pod formation stage can result in an average yield increase of 10.7%, improving overall plant health and productivity.
These techniques offer farmers practical and scientifically supported ways to optimize soybean yields while maintaining sustainable agricultural practices.