Occurrence and Control of Abnormal Phenomena in Early Spring Shed

Tomatoes grown in greenhouses during early spring are often prone to issues such as flower drop or malformed fruits due to environmental constraints like temperature and humidity. If not properly managed, these problems can lead to reduced yields and lower profits. First, the issue of "stale" flowers (a) is often caused by improper timing or excessive concentration of hormone treatments. The best time for hormone application is within three days—on the day the flowers open and two days before. After that, the treatment becomes ineffective, and applying it too early can result in poor fruit development. (b) To prevent this, greenhouse growers should ensure proper insulation, use hormones like fruit-setting agents at a recommended concentration of 0.003%, adjusting based on temperature—lower concentrations when it's colder, higher when it's warmer. Maintaining balanced nutrition is also essential. Second, flower drop (a) occurs in early spring when weather conditions are unfavorable—rain, snow, or low light due to early covering of the greenhouse. Poor photosynthesis leads to short styles and flower fall, making hormone treatments less effective. (b) To address this, cover the plants early on sunny days to extend light exposure. On cloudy days, allow scattered light in, and even on rainy days, ensure some exposure. Hanging reflective film on the back walls of solar greenhouses and using fluorescent lights at night can help. Spraying photosynthetic enhancers regularly also supports plant health. Third, abnormal fruit development (a) includes tumor-like or misshapen fruits, often caused by low temperatures during flower bud differentiation. High hormone concentrations may cause pointed fruits, while uneven water supply can also lead to deformities. (b) Preventing this requires maintaining optimal temperature, light, and nutrient levels during the seedling stage. Using growth hormones like 2,4-D or naphthalene acetic acid at appropriate concentrations helps avoid malformations. Fourth, empty fruits (a) occur when the peel separates from the placenta, resulting in hollow, tasteless fruits. This is often due to low temperatures or lack of light during pollination, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, or improper hormone use. (b) To prevent this, keep greenhouse temperatures stable, provide sufficient light, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Hormones should be applied on the day of flowering or one to two days before. Fifth, weak or overly vigorous plant growth (a) can lead to poor flower development. Weak plants have thin stems and short styles, making them prone to falling. Overly vigorous plants may divert nutrients away from flowers, causing them to drop. Even with hormone treatments, these plants may produce deformed fruits. (b) To manage this, remove weak or stunted seedlings and select strong ones. Increase fertilization to promote root growth and implement limited fruit management. For overgrown plants, control water and fertilizer in the early stages, loosen the soil, and encourage reproductive growth over vegetative growth. By carefully managing temperature, light, nutrition, and hormone application, greenhouse tomato growers can significantly reduce the occurrence of these common problems and improve overall yield and quality.

Antibiotic & Antimicrobial

Antibiotic: A drug used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics have no effect on viral infections. Originally, an antibiotic was a substance produced by one microorganism that selectively inhibits the growth of another. Synthetic antibiotics, usually chemically related to natural antibiotics, have since been produced that accomplish comparable tasks.


Antimicrobial: A drug used to treat a microbial infection(antibiotic drugs).

"Antimicrobial" is a general term that refers to a group of drugs that includes antibiotics, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antivirals.


Antibiotic & Antimicrobial,lactam Antibiotics,Macrolide Antibiotics,Aminoglycoside Antibiotics,Quinolone Antimicrobial

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