Four measures to increase production of straw mushroom

In the cultivation of straw mushrooms, several effective techniques can be applied to enhance yield and improve overall productivity. One key method involves secondary inoculation during the first and second harvests, which significantly supports increased mushroom production. When the mycelium grows too quickly, it tends to age rapidly, reducing its viability and ability to efficiently utilize nutrients for further fruiting. To prevent this, after the first flush of mushrooms is harvested, the substrate should be loosened, watered with lime solution, and the pH adjusted to 8-9 before spreading fresh spawn on the surface. A thin layer of fermented material is then placed over the newly sown seeds. After the first and second harvests, the block should be flipped so that the lower layer is moved to the top. Spraying a 1% lime solution helps replenish moisture and adjust the pH, followed by a second inoculation. The inoculation rate should be between 2% and 3%, typically around 30%. When cultivating using straw, secondary inoculation can be done four days after sowing by placing the strain in gaps between the straw layers. The size of the secondary inoculum should be about 20% of the initial dose. This ensures that when the first batch is harvested, the second-inoculated strain can break down the straw, accumulate nutrients, and continue fruiting. Another important factor is adjusting the pH of the culture material. During growth, straw mushrooms consume large amounts of nutrients, producing metabolites like organic acids that increase acidity. This can hinder the recovery of the mycelium and reduce subsequent yields. After the first harvest, adding a nutrient solution and making the medium more alkaline helps restore the mycelium, extend the fruiting period, and boost production. Options include applying 3% lime water, which both rehydrates and raises the pH. Alternatively, a mixture of 0.1% urea and bran water (10 kg bran in 100 L water) can be used, filtered, and diluted. Urea should not exceed 0.2% to avoid unwanted bacterial growth. Dried manure mixed with 40% human urine can also be applied after each harvest, providing additional nutrients. Adding chicken or duck manure enhances the effect even further. Covering the straw with a layer of soil improves moisture retention and humidity regulation, leading to better mushroom development and reducing the occurrence of dead caps. The cover soil should be taken from a vegetable garden, about 8–10 cm deep, and spread at a thickness of 2 cm. This technique increases yield by 20% to 40%. Finally, covering the inoculated bed with a plastic film helps maintain stable temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide levels, promoting microbial activity and mycelial growth. The film should be applied immediately after inoculation to maximize benefits. To prevent it from sticking to the material, some straw soaked in lime water can be sprinkled on top. Monitoring the temperature is crucial; if it exceeds 40°C, the film should be removed promptly. After four days, the film should be removed for ventilation, or a bamboo frame can be used to prevent excessive hyphal growth on the surface. Once mushrooms begin to appear, the film must be removed or lifted to avoid damaging the buds.

Frozen Squid Whole

Frozen squid whole refers to squid that has been cleaned, gutted, and frozen whole, including the head, body, and tentacles. This type of squid is commonly used in various cuisines, including Asian, Mediterranean, and Italian, and can be prepared in many ways, such as grilling, frying, or boiling. Frozen squid whole is often sold in seafood markets, grocery stores, and online retailers and can be stored in the freezer for several months.

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