Prevention and cure of four common diseases in pepper
phamar grade CANGZHOU HUAYOU IMPORT & EXPORT TRADE CO., LTD. , https://www.huayoutrade.com
This year, the planting area of peppers has significantly expanded, bringing hope for higher production. However, pepper farmers are still facing serious challenges from various diseases that negatively impact both yield and quality. The following are the main diseases affecting peppers and their characteristics, along with prevention and control measures.
First, let's look at the main diseases and their occurrence patterns:
1. **Chili Virus Disease**: This disease is caused by infection with the Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) and Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV). Seedlings are particularly vulnerable, and once infected, the damage can be severe. The virus spreads through aphids, insects, and direct contact with infected sap. Infected plants often show mosaic patterns, leaf curling, necrosis, and premature dropping of flowers and fruits. Once a field is infected, the disease spreads quickly and can cause high losses.
2. **Chili Blight (Phytophthora blight)**: Caused by the fungus *Phytophthora infestans*, this disease affects both seedlings and mature plants. It can infect roots, stems, leaves, and fruits, leading to wilting and plant death. During transplanting, the disease spreads rapidly, especially under wet conditions. Spores are easily carried by wind and rain, making it difficult to control once established.
3. **Bacterial Spot**: A common bacterial disease in peppers, it thrives in high humidity and warm temperatures. Symptoms include small water-soaked lesions on leaves that can expand into large spots or scorch the leaf margins. Severe cases lead to defoliation, which reduces photosynthesis and fruit quality. The bacteria spread through water, wind, and contaminated tools.
4. **Anthracnose**: This fungal disease primarily affects the fruit during the fruiting stage. It causes sunken, dark lesions that can lead to rot, especially in mature fruits. Spores are spread through wind, rain, and insect activity. If left unchecked, it can severely reduce marketable yield.
Second, here are some effective prevention and control strategies:
1. **Virus Prevention in Seedlings**: Controlling aphids is crucial for preventing virus transmission. Starting from the 5-leaf stage, apply 20% Viracil Wettable Powder diluted at 800 times every 10–15 days. Before transplanting, spray Amisida Suspension Agent at 1500 times for 2–5 days to prevent viral infections. Transplanting with treated seedlings helps avoid introducing diseases into the field.
2. **Preventing Damping-off Disease**: After transplanting, spray Amisida Suspension Agent at 1500 times or 64% Trichoderma Wettable Powder at 500 times every 3–5 days. In areas with a history of severe damping-off, repeat the treatment every 10–15 days. For long-term protection, use 20% Viracil Soluble Powder regularly. When bacterial spot appears early, apply 72% Streptomycin WP at 500 times. Repeat applications every 10 days for 2–3 times in heavily infected areas.
By implementing these practices, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of disease and improve overall pepper production. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are key to maintaining healthy crops.
phamar grade for animals