Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Apple Tree Rot Disease
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Apple tree rot disease is a serious fruit tree illness that affects a wide range of orchards, causing significant damage and economic loss. Trees in the fruiting stage or those growing on sloped areas are particularly susceptible. In mild cases, the disease can cause the death of large branches, leading to reduced yield, poor fruit quality, and shorter fruiting periods. In severe cases, the main trunk may die, resulting in total crop failure. Therefore, it's essential to implement comprehensive control measures. The following strategies should be carefully followed:
First, proper pruning and fruit thinning are crucial. Using scientific pruning techniques helps shape the tree structure, promoting strong and healthy growth. At the same time, thinning the fruit ensures balanced development, prevents biennial bearing, and enhances the tree’s resistance to diseases.
Second, effective management of other pests and diseases is necessary. For example, controlling apple aphids, winged moths, and other harmful insects reduces nutrient competition and minimizes entry points for rot pathogens.
Third, treating affected areas is vital. During mid to late June or late October, gently scrape off the old bark from the trunk or main branches until the green, living tissue is exposed. Remove any visible ulcerated areas and apply a 50-fold dilution of arsenic-based disinfectant to the treated surface to prevent further infection.
Fourth, applying dormant sprays before bud break is an important preventive measure. Spraying 4–5 degree lime sulfur solution on trees before they start to bloom helps protect against many common diseases. Alternatively, using a 100-fold dilution of 40% Fumei arsenic can also be effective. Pay special attention to thick branches and trunks where eggs might be hidden. All spraying should be done before flowering to avoid phytotoxicity. Additionally, increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizer applications supports overall tree health and resilience.
By combining these practices, growers can significantly reduce the risk of apple tree rot and maintain the long-term productivity of their orchards.