Postharvest management of shed nectar
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To ensure the healthy growth of peach trees after removing the shed film, it is crucial not to rush the process. Removing the film immediately after harvest can lead to physiological stress in the tree, resulting in leaf yellowing. It's recommended to wait a few days before peeling off the film so that the plants, especially those further from the shed exit, can gradually adjust. This helps reduce the risk of leaf discoloration and allows the tree to recover more effectively. In most cases, the yellowing will subside within three months, but severe cases can affect flower bud development and reduce the tree’s overall productivity in the following season.
When performing branch renewal pruning, it's important not to confuse the fruit-bearing branches with the mother branches. Over time, older branches may become less productive due to aging leaves and reduced flower bud formation. Prolonged growth of these mother branches can also lead to poor air circulation and an overly dense canopy. Therefore, it's necessary to prune and renew these branches to stimulate new growth. Some growers mistakenly cut back too short after harvesting, leaving only 5–10 cm of the branch, which can cause rapid relocation of the fruiting area and promote a crowded canopy. Instead, it's better to leave about 1 cm of the original branch when cutting, and retain longer shoots (up to 30 cm) if they are healthy. Each tree should have 2–3 retained branches from the original fruiting areas to support balanced canopy growth and recovery.
Another key point is to manage the upper part of the tree during pruning. After a short cut, the tree tends to grow vigorously, leading to excessive upward growth and the formation of a "hat" shape. This can block light from reaching the lower parts of the tree and weaken the newly pruned branches. To avoid this, it's essential to remove competing branches and dense growth in the upper section. These should be cleaned every 20 days or so to encourage the growth of a central leader. At the same time, managing the lower and middle branches can help control the upper growth, promoting a more balanced and healthy tree structure.
Fertilization should also be done carefully. Avoid applying large amounts of fertilizer immediately after harvest, as this can damage the roots. Digging trenches for fertilizer should be limited to avoid disturbing major root systems. Organic fertilizers are preferred, and watering should follow to encourage new shoot and leaf growth. In recent years, improper fertilization practices in greenhouses have led to root burn and poor tree health. Excessive digging and over-fertilization can cause defoliation, weak new growth, and even plant death. Fertilization should be tailored to the tree's condition, with attention to depth and quantity to minimize root damage.
Lastly, water accumulation under the shed must be avoided. Before the rainy season, dig drainage ditches around the structure to prevent waterlogging. After heavy rains, it's advisable to spray a systemic fungicide to control soil moisture and reduce the risk of disease. Proper drainage and timely treatment can significantly improve the overall health and productivity of the peach trees.