Vaccine research and development must be strengthened by policies to promote industrialization
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The investment in vaccine research and development is substantial, with long timelines and high risks involved. This creates significant financial pressure on companies. Therefore, enterprises not only require early-stage government funding but also need policy support such as government first-purchase programs and priority procurement during the industrialization phase.
Recently, the State Council approved in principle the implementation of major scientific and technological projects aimed at tackling infectious diseases like AIDS and viral hepatitis. Wang Nan, deputy general manager of Beijing Kexing Biological Products Co., Ltd., commented that this initiative is a crucial step for the well-being of future generations.
According to the Ministry of Science and Technology, the objectives of the special project during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" include breakthroughs in key technologies for new vaccines and therapeutic drugs, the development of 40 high-efficiency diagnostic reagents, 15 types of vaccines and drugs, research into standardized Chinese and Western medicine treatment programs, and the establishment of 10 prevention and control technology platforms comparable to developed countries. The goal is to build an effective technical system to combat major infectious diseases like AIDS and hepatitis.
Zhang Xiaohua, deputy general manager of Liaoning Chengda Biotechnology Co., Ltd., explained that viral hepatitis includes several types, each with different transmission routes and outcomes. While some forms may lead to acute illness, others can become chronic and even progress to severe conditions like cirrhosis or liver cancer.
With over 120 million people infected with hepatitis B in China and 40 million with hepatitis C, the situation demands urgent attention. The number of people living with HIV is growing rapidly, and without effective prevention, it could surpass 10 million by 2010.
Vaccination remains one of the most effective preventive measures. Hepatitis B vaccine has been included in the national immunization program since 2002, while efforts are ongoing for hepatitis A and E. However, no effective vaccine exists for hepatitis C yet.
In the case of AIDS, despite global efforts, developing a safe and effective vaccine remains challenging due to the virus's high variability and complex immune interactions. Current treatments help manage symptoms but cannot fully eliminate the virus.
Other preventive measures include promoting safe injection practices, educating on sexual health, and maintaining good hygiene. For AIDS, regular testing, behavioral interventions, and compassionate care for patients are essential to curb its spread.
China has made significant progress in vaccine development, including SARS and avian influenza. Companies like Beijing Kexing and Chengda Bio have successfully launched various vaccines, contributing to public health and market growth.
With government investment in major science and technology projects, the vaccine industry is expected to see further innovation and cost reductions. As production techniques improve, better-quality vaccines will replace older ones, reshaping the market landscape.
Looking ahead, the development of combination vaccines and the expansion of immunization programs will play a key role in improving public health. While China lags slightly in vaccine industrialization compared to some foreign countries, domestic capabilities are rapidly catching up.
Government support, through funding and procurement policies, is vital for sustaining growth in the sector. With continued investment and policy support, the vaccine industry is poised for significant advancements in the years to come.