Maintenance and storage of combine harvester
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In order to guarantee the operating performance and service life of the combine harvester, it is necessary to use the winter idle time to repair and maintain the implements. This article mainly talks about some of the replacements, corrections, and other maintenance that can be performed by the driver. Restorative repairs to the equipment should be qualified by the technical inspection of the county-level agricultural machinery management department, and the maintenance of the agricultural machinery maintenance point of the "certificate of agricultural machinery maintenance technology" should be obtained. How to overhaul the contents of the combined harvesting machine, in addition to the "technical inspection" items, the following are the main points: 1. Repair of the cutter blade: After the razor blade blade has been dulled, it is generally replaced only and it is not repaired. After blunt, it can be grinded with a grinder or an inclined grinder to make it sharp. When grinding the blade, keep its geometry unchanged. When riveting the blade again, riveting should be performed according to the aforementioned riveting method. 2. Arbor repair: The damage in the use of the tool bar is that the bending deformation exceeds the specified value, making the movement inflexible. The curved arbor can be placed on the flat plate and tapped with a mallet to gradually straighten. For the broken cutter bar repair can be repaired. When welding, use a special fixture to align the fracture. 3. Repair of augers: The type of damage to augers is blade deformation, breakage and desoldering. Deformation of the blade can be restored with a wooden hammer (or copper hammer). Partial damage can be repaired by insert repair. 4. Repair of concave plate and pattern bar: When the concave plate and pattern bar are worn out, the concave plate can be turned to 180, and the pattern bar can be used after turning around. When serious wear occurs, it should be replaced with new ones. When the spike wear exceeds the specified value or there is a crack, it must be scrapped and replaced. The main problem of the roller shaft is that the bending degree exceeds the specified value and can be corrected under the press. Roller shaft if there is crack, fracture should be scrapped. The drum after repair should be checked for static balance. If it is not balanced, balance it by removing some metal. 5. Repair of the screen of the pressing device and the cleaning chamber screen: It is mainly broken. The damaged part can be cut off and then repaired by gas welding with the same specifications. 6, shaft repair: The failure mode of the shaft is mainly bending deformation exceeds the specified value. The repair method is to correct under the press. 7. Installation of chain drive: The installation quality of the chain and sprockets has a great influence on the normal operation and service life of the chain drive. For this reason, the following points should be noted during installation: (1) Before the chain is mounted on the sprocket, the chain should be checked. Check if the engagement is too tight or too loose. (2) Both sprockets should be coplanar. This requires that the two axes should be parallel to each other and the two wheels remain in the same plane to avoid skew and runout. You can use a ruler or string to check, you can also use the color method for inspection. Apply reddish pigment on the working surface of the gear teeth and the end face of the gear ring. After meshing and driving, check whether there is uneven wear and whether the contact area on the work surface of the gear is even along the teeth. If there is uneven wear and uneven contact areas, adjustments should be made. (3) When connecting the chain, both of its connecting ends can be pulled onto the sprocket, and can also be installed using the tight chain tool. The direction of the opening of the circlip should be opposite to the direction of movement of the chain, so as to avoid impact, beating, and falling off during a collision. (4) When lubricating the chain, make the lubricating oil into the gap between the inner and outer chain plates and the two ends of the rollers. Lubricate with engine oil or gear oil. During manual lubrication with a brush or oil pot, the oil should be added to the gap between the inner and outer chains of the loose edge of the chain. (5) If chain or sprocket wear makes the chain and sprocket mis-engaging, resulting in "climb" or "jumping", the sprocket should be replaced. How to disassemble 1. Be familiar with the structure and working principle of the machine or component. This is the basis for proper disassembly. 2. The disassembly must be dismantled. If the dismantling can eliminate the malfunction, it must not be dismantled. Blindly dismantling will not only increase the amount of repair work, but also will cause the original good cooperation relationship between the parts, the accuracy of the match to be destroyed, shorten the service life of the parts, and even leave hidden troubles. 3, use the right tool and the correct disassembly method. It is forbidden to knock and beat in disassembly to prevent cracks and deformation of parts. During the dismantling, in addition to the use of common tools (such as wrenches, pliers, etc.), the disassembly tool must be specialized, and the lifting transport should be mechanized or semi-mechanized to ensure the quality of the disassembly and improve the labor productivity. 4. The dismantling work should be disassembled step by step from the inside to the inside. 5, in the disassembly to think about the assembly. In order to successfully complete the assembly, it is necessary to: (1) Check the mark and make a mark. (2) Properly place parts and store them in categories to prevent them from being deformed or bumped during storage. Precise parts are stored separately, with easy-to-deform parts and easy-to-lose parts. (3) Parts of the same assembly or component are put together. Maintenance should pay attention to the following matters: 1. Prevent the combine from falling or shifting. The combine harvester should be parked on a flat and solid floor and braked with a parking brake. The tires should be blocked with wood and stones. It is best to hang the "Overhauling" signboard in the conspicuous place of the machine. 2. Prevent the combine from sinking. When you need to set up the combine harvester, it is forbidden to use bricks, stones, wooden blocks and other fragile, brittle, easy-sliding objects to support, and do not use jacks for long time support. Should use a bench, strong wood and other support, so that the combine harvester stable and strong. 3. When using the jack to raise the combine harvester, choose a good support position, place the jacks steadily, and be perpendicular to the ground, where they can be flattened and tough. When the machine is lifted to a suitable position, the machine is cushioned and the jacks are lowered to force the support. 4. When using the jack to lift the side of the machine alone, it is not allowed to drill under the machine or climb over to the machine for inspection. 5, to prevent parts falling hurt. Drill into the machine to prevent dust and debris from falling into the eyes and prevent tools and removed parts from falling. 6, at the end of the inspection, the need to put the machine on the ground, you should first look at the machine around, whether there are people below, there are obstacles, and then use the jack to raise the machine a little, remove the support, and then slowly slow down the jack, so that the machine slowly Landing. How to store the components 1. The combine harvester should be stored in a room that is dry, free of dust in the air, flat on the ground, and has concrete or tiled floors. The temperature difference between day and night in the room is as small as possible. Do not store in the open air. If it is necessary to store in the shed, it should be dry and well-ventilated. The floor should be tiled. 2, clear headers, bridges and other leftovers. Open all windows, shrouds, and lids on the combine, start the engine and engage the work unit clutch, and allow the working unit to run for 5 to 10 minutes. Afterwards, remove dirt, dust, and remaining hard shells from inside and outside the machine. 3. Lubricate the lubrication points according to the lubrication chart of the combine harvester and the type of oil, and allow the engine to idle for a while during the throttle. 4. Remove all drive tapes properly. For damaged, can not continue to use, should register its name, technical specifications, in order to purchase new tape. For those still useable, clean the surface dirt (wash with soap and detergent solution), then apply talcum powder, label it, and store it in a cool, dry place. The tape should not be curled when placed, and heavy objects should not be pressed on it. 5. Remove all drive chains and clean them first with kerosene (or diesel oil). After drying, place them in heated (approx. 60°C) oil (with grease). Slowly soak for 20-30 minutes. Remove after cooling. Plastic wrap (and marked), placed in a wooden custody. If the combine harvester has wooden bushes, oil-bearing bearings, etc., it should be soaked in oil and then wrapped in plastic cloth. 6. Remove the cutting blade, clean the moving blade and static blade, apply grease or gear oil (preferably rust-proof grease). Store the movable arbors vertically to prevent deformation. 7, in the paint stripping surface, make up paint. For the surface of parts that cannot be painted, such as adjusting threads, screws, transmission sprockets, lifting ropes, etc., apply grease or gear oil. 8. Check whether the parts, especially the wearing parts, are damaged. If there is any damage, register their names and specifications in order to purchase new products. 9. Do not stack other debris on the harvester to prevent pressure deformation. 10. Relax the safety platform spring and other springs to prevent long-term stress and failure. 11. Lower the header and place it on a flat pad. The header must be flat and the cutter and guard must not be stressed. 12. Clean up spare parts and tools. 13. The plunger or piston rod of each cylinder should be fully retracted into the cylinder to prevent rust and dust contamination, and it should be wrapped with plastic cloth to prevent sun and rain. 14. Raise the front and rear bridges and maintain the level of the racks to make the tires empty, reduce the tire pressure, and remove dirt and dirt from the tires. Or remove the pliers and store in a cool, dry place. 15, protect the instrument box, electrical switches, steering wheel, with plastic wrap, prevent dust and other dirt from entering. 16, the clutch pedal, brake pedal in a free state, the transmission handle is placed in the neutral position. 17. Record the technical status of each part of the combine, especially the abnormal parts and damaged parts, into the file of the combine harvester. How to store the engine 1, remove the external dirt and oil, as well as grass on the radiator, dust and so on. 2. Release the oil in the oil pan and the cooling water in the cooling system. 3. Drain the diesel in the diesel tank, clean the tank, tighten the box cover (and seal) and the joint screws. Some instruction manuals stipulate that the fuel tank should be filled with diesel fuel, and the empty tank will condense water droplets, which is the reason for the oil tank rust. 4. Heat some engine oil (according to the engine power) to about 80°C to remove the water in the engine oil (called waterless engine oil). Waterless oil is added to the oil pan and the crankshaft is cranked so that the lubricating oil reaches the respective moving surfaces and then the remaining oil is discharged. 5ã€Add some water-free oil from the inlet, crank the crankshaft, so that the lubricating oil adheres to the top of the piston, the inner wall of the cylinder and the valve seat, etc. (For a single-cylinder diesel engine, crank the crankshaft so that the piston is at the top dead center position, Keep the intake and exhaust valves closed. The valve spring is in a relaxed state, which isolates the inside of the cylinder from the outside. Block the intake and exhaust pipes and wrap them with plastic wrap to keep the cylinders from the outside world. 6. Wrap high pressure oil pump with plastic cloth. 7, sealed with plastic cloth filling port, add water. 8. Remove the rocker cover and the gear chamber cover, apply the engine oil to the rocker arm, rocker shaft, valve spring, gear, etc., and then install the cover. 9. Remove the starter motor and silicon rectifier generator separately and seal the mounting hole. 10. Shake the crankshaft twice at least twice a month.