Hedi Red's Artificial Propagation Method
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The Crane-Top Red goldfish is a celebrated symbol of traditional goldfish breeding. Known for its elegant and graceful movements, it exudes a sense of vitality and brightness. Its body is covered with silvery-white scales, while the top of its head features a striking red patch, creating a unique and captivating red-and-white appearance that resembles the wings of a flying crane.
**First, Artificial Breeding**
1. **Breeding Fish**:
The process begins in March each year. Female fish are selected from the 2nd to 3rd instar stage, while males are chosen from the 1st to 2nd instar. A male-to-female ratio of 1:1.2 is ideal. Only those with a clear, bright red "crane-top" marking are preferred; other color variations like yellow or white are typically excluded. The stocking density is lower than that used for commercial fish, and feeding is gradually increased as the weather warms. It usually takes about one month for the gonads to fully mature.
2. **Selection of Broodstock**:
In early April, breeders select healthy broodstock from the cultivation pond. Females should have a soft, elastic belly and an oval-shaped body, while males should display full, well-developed fins and exhibit active behavior. Female parents are identified using micro-infrared technology, and males are selected based on their vigor and physical structure.
3. **Artificial Insemination**:
Mid-April is the best time for artificial insemination. Water temperature should be around 25°C. A disposable pectoral fin injection method is used, with females receiving 1–2 µg of LRH-A2 per 100 g of body weight, while males receive half that dose. Injections are performed around midnight, followed by an 18–20 hour waiting period.
4. **Artificial Insemination and Incubation**:
In the evening, when a male is seen chasing a female intensely, both are quickly caught and placed into a container filled with water. By gently squeezing the female’s abdomen, milky white mucus or yellow eggs can be collected. These are then transferred into a sterile basin containing 25°C saline. Male fish are squeezed similarly, and their sperm is added to the basin. The mixture is stirred gently with a feather for one minute. Fertilized eggs are then evenly distributed into the hatching tank.
During incubation, clean, oxygen-rich water with a pH between 7.5 and 8.0 is essential. At 25°C, the eggs hatch within 3 to 4 days. Daily disinfection is necessary to prevent bacterial infections, and fresh water should be maintained regularly.
**Second, Rearing the Fry**
Freshly hatched fry absorb their yolk sacs for the first few days. On day 4, they are fed using two layers of 25# plankton nets. Cooked eggs are gently poured into the water, allowing the yolk to disperse evenly. Feeding is done once daily, preferably 1 to 1.5 hours after the previous meal. After 8 days, when the fish grow beyond 1 cm, their swimming ability improves, and they begin feeding on small plankton. At 3 cm, they are moved to new tanks weekly and introduced to commercial fish food.
**Third, Advantages of Artificial Insemination**
Artificial insemination significantly reduces the physical stress on the broodstock, which can lead to exhaustion and death after long chases. This method has improved the survival rate of post-spawning fish from around 50% in natural mating to over 95%. Additionally, fertilization rates are much higher—over 80% with artificial methods compared to less than 40% naturally. It also ensures genetic purity and consistency in the offspring.
**Precautions**
Fish nests should be suspended in the upper middle part of the water, with weights attached to keep them stable. They must not be disturbed during hatching, as any interference can lower the hatching rate and damage the eggs. Proper care and attention are crucial to ensure successful reproduction and healthy fry development.