Environmental test equipment standards and common problems

Environmental test equipment is designed and manufactured based on environmental testing methods. As productivity advances and the national economy develops, these testing methods are becoming increasingly diverse, leading to a growing number of corresponding test devices. To ensure that environmental tests can be carried out reliably and continuously, high-quality, high-performance testing equipment is essential. This requires standardized measures for the scale of the equipment, known as environmental test equipment standards, as well as basic parameter verification standards for such equipment. China's environmental testing equipment standards (referred to as "equipment standards") and electrical and electronic products' environmental testing equipment basic parameters testing method standards (referred to as "method standards") were drafted, released, and implemented in the mid-1980s. If your company needs specific standards, you can check them on the "National Standard Network." All the necessary information is available there. I will provide some common parameters for your reference. ### 2. Environmental Testing Equipment Standards There are currently nine environmental test equipment standards: - GB10586-89: Wet Heat Test Chamber Technical Conditions - GB10587-89: Salt Spray Test Box Technical Conditions - GB10588-89: Mold Test Box Technical Conditions - GB10589-89: Low Temperature Test Box Technical Conditions - GB10590-89: Low Temperature/Low Pressure Test Chamber Technical Conditions - GB10591-89: High Temperature/Low Pressure Test Chamber Technical Conditions - GB10592-89: High and Low Temperature Test Box Technical Conditions - GB11158-89: High Temperature Test Box Technical Conditions - GB11159-89: Low Pressure Test Chamber Technical Conditions #### Common Issues with Equipment Standards 1. **Scope of Application** These standards apply to all manufacturers of environmental test equipment, serving as the basis for factory inspections, type inspections, and quality supervision checks. 2. **Adaptability** Equipment that passes the test according to the standards must meet the requirements of the corresponding environmental test method standards. 3. **Operationality** The standards can generally be implemented during the production process and are also used by equipment manufacturers. 4. **Inadequacies in Revisions** These standards were developed in the 1980s, and with technological advancements and industry development, they need to be revised. #### Implementation Considerations 1. **Basic Environmental Conditions** - Temperature: 15°C ~ 35°C - Relative Humidity: No more than 85% RH - Atmospheric Pressure: 86kPa ~ 106kPa - Thermal Radiation: No direct sunlight or heat source radiation - Airflow: No strong airflow; avoid direct blowing onto the cabinet - Electromagnetic Field: No strong electromagnetic field - Three Wastes: No high concentration of dust or corrosive substances - Cooling Water Source: Water temperature not exceeding 30°C, pressure between 0.1~0.3MPa - Humidifying Water Source: Resistivity no less than 500Ω·m - Power Supply: 220±22V, 380±38V, 50±0.5Hz 2. **Load Requirements** - Load Type: Generally includes electrical, electronic, or insulating materials (except salt spray test) - Load Conditions: - Total load mass: 50~80 kg/m³ - Total load volume: No more than 1/5 of the chamber volume - Blockage area of main air duct: No more than 1/3 of the cross-sectional area of the working chamber - Salt spray test equipment: Specifications: 50×100×(1~2)mm, Material: Metal, Number of samples: 160 pieces/m² (studio floor area) ### 3. Environmental Test Equipment Basic Parameter Verification Method Standards (Climate Test Equipment) Currently, there are six verification method standards: - GB/T5170.2-1996: Temperature Test Equipment - GB/T5170.5-1996: Damp Heat Test Equipment - GB/T5170.8-1996: Salt Spray Test Equipment - GB/T5170.9-1996: Solar Radiation Test Equipment - GB/T5170.10-1996: High and Low Temperature Low Pressure Test Equipment - GB/T5170.11-1996: Corrosion Gas Test Equipment #### Common Issues with Method Standards 1. **Scope of Application** These standards are used for periodic verification, selection of testing equipment, and determination of test conditions, number of test points, distribution locations, and data processing procedures. 2. **Adaptability** Qualified equipment should be able to continue performing relevant environmental tests within the prescribed time limit. 3. **Operationality** These standards are mainly applied in environmental test units, while their use in production plants is limited. #### Key Points in Implementation 1. Use each standard in conjunction with general rules. 2. For composite test equipment, multiple sub-standards and general rules should be used together. 3. Verification conditions should align with equipment standards. 4. Load requirements are specified in the general regulations and should match those in GB11158. ### 4. Differentiation Between Equipment Standards and Verification Method Standards | Control Content | Equipment Standard | Method Standard | |----------------|--------------------|------------------| | Scope of Application | Factory inspection, type inspection, quality supervision | Periodic verification | | Environmental Conditions | Consistent | Consistent | | Load Condition | Three requirements (except salt spray) | Based on GB11158 | | Test Items | Comprehensive performance testing of produced products | Testing equipment according to test requirements | | Subject | After assembly and commissioning of the production line | Intact shape, structure, logo, normal control system, accurate control, and safe operation | | Inspection Type | Type inspection, factory inspection, arbitration inspection | Cycle test | | Classification of Test Results | Qualified, unqualified, approved, unqualified | Qualified, approved, deactivated | | Result Processing | Qualified, unqualified, batch rejection, one-by-one inspection, renewal, suspension | Issued certificate, permit, stop card | ### 5. Corresponding Selection of Equipment and Verification Standards 1. Determine the type of environmental test equipment based on the test method of the product. 2. According to the test method requirements, periodically verify the equipment using one or more verification standards. 3. Select verification standards based on different test methods. ### 6. Key Points in Conducting Environmental Tests 1. Choose appropriate temperature and humidity ranges and control accuracy. 2. Pay attention to the impact of the test item’s volume, weight, and windscreen cross-section on the equipment’s performance. 3. Ensure the environmental conditions at the equipment installation site. 4. Select an appropriate test severity level. ### 7. Conclusion Through the analysis of environmental test equipment standards and the basic parameters of equipment for electrical and electronic products, it is clear that the two types of standards have their own independence but are also interrelated. Accurate understanding of the scope of application and differences in technical content is crucial for effective implementation. We hope to work together to implement these two standards in our future business.

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