How to prevent early celery twitching in spring

Celery is a cool-season vegetable that requires a period of low temperature to initiate its reproductive stage. When the seedlings have developed 3 to 4 leaves and are exposed to temperatures below 10°C for 10 to 15 days, they can complete the vernalization process. This is followed by flower bud differentiation under long daylight conditions. The longer the exposure to cold, the higher the likelihood of bolting. In spring-grown celery, whether it's cultivated in open fields or protected environments, and whether sown directly or transplanted, the conditions needed for vernalization are typically met. As the plants grow, they will inevitably face longer days and higher temperatures, making bolting almost unavoidable. To minimize this issue, several preventive measures can be taken: 1. **Choose suitable varieties** Selecting the right variety is crucial. Opt for cold-tolerant, early-maturing, late-bolting, and high-quality types such as Big Leaf Celery, Jinnan Real Celery, Milk White Celery, Crisp Glass, and Italian Celery. Chinese celery tends to bolt earlier, while Western celery generally bolts later. 2. **Sow at the right time** In greenhouses, celery is usually planted between late January and early March. For outdoor planting, sow on sunny days from late February to mid-April. Before sowing, ensure the soil temperature at 10 cm depth reaches at least 10°C. For Chinese celery, the critical sowing window is after the Grain Rain, with earlier sowing possible before that. The safe sowing period is after the Qingming Festival. If the temperature is above 15°C during transplanting, bolting is less likely. However, if transplanting is too early, bolting occurs sooner. Seedlings kept below 15°C, regardless of timing, tend to bolt more frequently. 3. **Cultivate strong seedlings** Provide optimal conditions for vegetative growth and avoid those that promote flowering. During the seedling stage, especially after 3 to 4 leaves appear, control temperature, limit exposure to temperatures below 10°C, and supply appropriate nitrogen and moisture. This helps delay flower bud formation and encourages leaf multiplication. After sowing, cover seedlings with plastic film or a small arch frame. Use shade nets in the evening and maintain slightly higher temperatures before emergence to speed up germination. Once emerged, ventilate during the day and keep temperatures below 25°C to prevent leggy growth and disease. Nighttime temperatures should not drop below 8°C. 4. **Apply growth regulators** Spraying the growing tip with a solution of chlorproamide at 4000–8000 mg/l can help inhibit bolting and flowering. Alternatively, use a solution of Qingxin at 50–100 mg/l. 5. **Harvest promptly** Spring celery should be harvested before the heart forms and the leaves become erect. Once the flower buds begin to differentiate, the plant can only be harvested by cutting the outer, tender leaves and young shoots. Typically, when the new shoots reach about 10 cm in height, the entire plant is cut for harvest.

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