How to prevent early celery twitching in spring

Celery is a cool-season vegetable that requires specific environmental conditions to grow properly. Once the seedlings have developed 3 to 4 leaves, exposure to temperatures below 10°C for 10 to 15 days can trigger the vernalization process, which is essential for flower bud differentiation under long-day conditions. The longer the plant remains in low-temperature conditions, the higher the likelihood of bolting or premature flowering. In spring-grown celery, whether cultivated in open fields or protected environments, and regardless of direct seeding or transplanting, the vernalization requirements are usually met naturally. During growth, plants will inevitably encounter extended daylight and warmer temperatures, making bolting almost inevitable if not managed properly. To prevent this, several key measures should be taken: 1. **Select appropriate varieties** Choose cold-resistant, early-maturing, and late-bolting varieties with strong growth potential and high quality. Examples include Big Leaf Celery, Jinnan Real Celery, Milky White Celery, Crisp Glass, and Italian Celery. Chinese celery tends to bolt earlier, while Western celery generally bolts later. 2. **Sow at the right time** In greenhouses, planting typically occurs from late January to early March. For open-field sowing, it’s best to start from late February to mid-April on sunny days. Greenhouse seedlings should be covered with mulch film in advance, and seeds should be sown when the soil temperature at 10 cm depth reaches 10°C or higher. For Chinese celery, the critical sowing period is after the Grain Rain (a traditional Chinese solar term), and the safest time for spring sowing is after the Qingming Festival. If the temperature is above 15°C, the plant will grow later and is less likely to bolt. However, if planted too early, bolting occurs sooner. Seedlings exposed to temperatures below 15°C, regardless of sowing time, tend to bolt more frequently. 3. **Cultivate healthy seedlings** Create an environment that promotes vegetative growth rather than reproductive growth. After the third or fourth leaf appears, control the temperature, limit exposure to temperatures below 10°C, and provide adequate nitrogen and moisture to delay flower bud formation and encourage leaf multiplication. After sowing, cover the seedlings with plastic film or a small arch shelter, and use shade nets in the evening. Maintain a slightly higher temperature before germination to speed up emergence. After germination, ensure proper ventilation during the day, keeping temperatures below 25°C to avoid leggy growth and disease. Nighttime temperatures should not drop below 8°C. 4. **Use growth regulators** Spray the growing tip with a solution of chlorpropham at a concentration of 4,000 to 8,000 mg/l to inhibit bolting and flowering. Alternatively, a 50–100 mg/l solution of Qingxin can also be applied. 5. **Harvest at the right time** Under normal conditions, spring celery should be harvested before the heart forms and the leaves become erect. Once the flower buds begin to differentiate, only the outer leaves and new tender shoots remain suitable for harvest. When the tender stems reach about 10 cm in height, cut the entire plant for market. Timely harvesting helps maintain quality and prevents the plant from going to seed prematurely.

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