Autumn sweet potato field management has four strokes
One effective method to promote healthy growth of sweet potato seedlings is to apply a balanced fertilizer after 7 to 10 days of cultivation. For each mu (approximately 667 square meters), use 20 to 30 kilograms of livestock and manure water, along with 10 to 15 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate or 5 kilograms of urea. Alternatively, you can use 7 to 10 kilograms of high-efficiency compound fertilizer (40% concentration) for better results. In addition, mix 100 to 150 kilograms of ash from intercropping plants and 25 to 30 kilograms of calcium superphosphate into the pond soil. Avoid applying any other fertilizers directly to the pond, as only high-efficiency compound fertilizer should be used in combination with human and animal waste water to support seedling development. To enhance nutrient absorption, spray 0.5 kilograms of 21.8% zinc sulfate or 0.8 kilograms of compound zinc fertilizer mixed in 50 liters of water onto the leaves. In early October, apply a foliar spray using 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 150 grams of urea per mu, diluted in 50 liters of water, and repeat this 2 to 3 times for optimal growth.
The second step involves pruning the sweet potato vines once the seedlings have established themselves. Cut off the top shoots and remove all the tips to encourage more branching, increase leaf production, and improve the plant’s overall structure, which helps in producing more tubers. Important: Do not twist or damage the vines, and avoid practices like "hitting the vine." Take the opportunity to trim any weak roots and control excessive elongation to maintain a compact and healthy plant.
The third measure is to prevent waterlogging by regularly clearing drainage ditches and repairing raised beds. Ensure that there is no standing water in the furrows, as excess moisture can harm the root system and lead to disease.
The fourth and final step is timely harvesting, ideally around mid-November. Harvest the sweet potatoes, potato blocks for planting, consumption, or feeding, while using the vine tips as vegetables and the leaves for silage feed. Note that harvesting too early or too late can negatively impact yield, quality, and storage life. If possible, dig up fresh potatoes earlier than usual to meet market demands or prepare for storage.
By following these four key steps—fertilization, pruning, drainage management, and proper harvesting—you can significantly improve the health and productivity of your sweet potato crop. These practices not only help in maximizing yield but also ensure better quality and longer storage life for the harvested tubers.
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