Super Rice High Production Integration Technology
Through years of practice, the China Rice Research Institute has summarized a set of ultra-high-productivity integration technologies centered on precision seeding, cultivating strong seedlings, wide-row and sparse planting, quantitative seedling control, aerobic irrigation, precision fertilization, and comprehensive prevention and control technologies. Through the implementation of this technology, the Super Rice Xieyou 9308 combines a large area of ​​750 kg per mu, and a small field of 800 kg. First, timely sowing and cultivation of strong seedlings. According to the variety or combination of fertility characteristics suitable planting period and transplanting period, the age of 25-30 days. Precision seeding is the key to the development of the panicle number potential of large panicle combinations and cultivars, and the key to achieving low tiller growth and spike formation. Technical measures: First, improve the quality of seeds and sowing, ensure high seedling rate and quality of seedlings; second, control the sowing amount and seed amount, sow 7 kg/mu, and use 0.6-0.8 kg/mu to ensure Transplanting seedlings have a high rate of pods and pods. On the basis of precision sowing, with shallow water irrigation, early application of sub-fertilizer, chemical control, pest and grass control and other measures to achieve seedling uniform, seedling strong. Putian saw a balanced fertilizer applied to the seedlings at the 4-leaf stage and applied body fat 3-4 days before transplanting. Second, wide and sparse planting, quantitative control of seedlings. The high-yield cultivation density of super rice combination is 19-20 clumps/m2 with a row spacing of 28 cm. This is conducive to controlling plant height, raising spike rate, and reducing sheath blight. Each bundle of inserts, such as a single plant with a few inserts, can ensure that each stem has 5 stems. Third, good air irrigation, hair root promotion. During the whole growth period, in addition to intermittent shallow water irrigation during the moisture sensitive period and fertilizer application, waterless layer or wet irrigation is generally used to make the soil in an oxygen-rich state and promote root growth. To adhere to shallow water, insert a living tree, thin hair roots and promote phlegm, when the application of fertilizer, field surface anhydrous, combined with irrigation and irrigation of shallow water. When the number of stems reached 160,000 per acre (approximately 12 stems per bush), the crop was lightly planted several times, and the maximum seedlings per acre were controlled at 250,000. The inverted 2-leaf stage uses dry and wet alternate irrigation until it matures. During the tillering period of rice, open drainage ditch, implement aerobic irrigation, and promote root growth and deep rooting. Fourth, precision fertilization, improve fertilizer utilization. Accurate fertilization technology is based on the target yield of rice and the amount of nutrients required in different periods of the plant and the supply of nutrient elements in the soil to calculate the type and amount of fertilizer applied and supplement it. At the same time, fertilization was adjusted by combining the growth status and climate conditions of different growth stages. Fertilizer application combined with irrigation. Putian fertilization: Should increase the amount of basal fertilizer. The fertilization in the field should be based on the non-leaves of pupae and increase the nitrogen content of the pupae. Rice 4 leaves 1 began to give birth at the heart stage, and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied at the 2 leaves and 1 heart stage to ensure that the nitrogen content of 4 leaf 1 hearts reaches 4%. Due to the inhomogeneity of previous fertilization and fertility of paddy fields, the imbalance of seedling growth is often caused. Therefore, balance fertilizer is applied according to the growth of seedlings at the 4th leaf stage. Four days before transplanting, body fat should be applied to promote new roots. Medium fertility single-season paddy field, generally Mushi base fertilizer 20 kilograms of compound fertilizer (nitrogen: pure phosphorus: pure potassium is 15:15:15), basal fertilization should be applied at the time of furrow board to prevent bad species. The application of 5 kg urea in the 2-leaf 1 heart stage promotes the occurrence and growth of tiller. Application of 3-5 kg ​​urea in the 4-leaf period to promote balanced growth of the seedlings. 4 days before pulling out, Mushi applies 8 kg of urea to make up the fat. Honda fertilization: Super rice is calculated based on the target yield of 750 kg/mu. Each acre needs about 11 kg of pure nitrogen, about 3 kg of pure phosphorus, and about 11.5 kg of pure potassium. Rice fertilization should be based on soil fertilization, to supplement the rice demand for fertilizer. Generally need to apply nitrogen pure 12-13 kg per acre, pure potassium 12-14 kg, 5.5-6 kg of pure phosphorus. Taking into account the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in rice growth period, should be applied in stages. Basal fertilizer applies 6.5 kilograms of pure nitrogen per acre, which accounts for 50% of the total nitrogen fertilizer. The amount of organic fertilizer should be increased to increase the balanced supply of nutrients. General mu Shi 50 kg cake fertilizer or 15-20 organic fertilizer, and apply 4 kg of pure nitrogen, while applying 30 kg of calcium phosphate, potassium chloride 10 kg. After 5-6 days of planting, the fertilizer is applied in sub-fertilizers. 20 kg of compound fertilizer and 3-4 kg of urea per acre are applied, and 10 kg of potassium chloride is applied. According to the length of the growth period of the variety and the state of soil fertility maintenance, the tillering fertilizer can be applied once or twice. Panicle fertilizer can be applied in the process of the birth of inverted 2 leaves. For example, the rice grows more robustly, the leaves are straight and sunny, and can be applied more properly; if the rice grows more prosperously, the leaves are too long, and the rainy weather may cause less or no application. In general, 1.5 kg of pure nitrogen is used per mu, that is, 10 kg of compound fertilizer. Fifth, comprehensive prevention and control, reduce pests and diseases. The super rice integration technology has a wide planting spacing, a relatively thin density, a good ventilation and light transmission effect, and a lighter incidence. Rice borers are harmful to super rice and need to be controlled. The combination of super rice can avoid the infringement of some diseases and insects through appropriate late planting, and it can also delay the period of delivery and avoid the threat of high incidence of sheath blight during the rainy season. Super rice is generally cultivated as a single-season rice, and it can be used for water, crop rotation and intercropping with other crops to reduce various diseases and insect pests. In this way, pests and diseases can be reduced from the planting system. During the field of super rice, the defense against rice thrips was carried out. The long-acting pesticides were sprayed 3-5 days before the rice dumpling and the seedlings were planted with herbs. In the Datian period, we must focus on the prevention and control of rice stem borers, rice leaf roller and rice planthoppers, seriously perform field disease, pest monitoring, and strictly control the prevention and control measures to determine the prevention and control of plots and the appropriate period of control. Control weeds use butyl benzyl 1500-1800 grams per hectare or mix fertilizers with other herbicides, and apply and maintain shallow water layer for 5 days to control weeds during fertilization at tillering stage. (China National Rice Research Institute) Manual embroidery refers to the art of adding man's design and manufacture to any fabric present by hand, using needles and threads, and is one of the most precious species in the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China.
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