Breeding of American Channel Catfish
Containerized Oxygen Generator
ETR can combine all parts of the oxygen generation system into a customized container, including air compressor, refrigerate air dryer, filters, buffer tanks and Oxygen Generator. Even the optional oxygen booster and cylinder filling station.
Compressed air is purified through the air dryer and filters to a certain level for main plant to work with. Air buffer is incorporated for smooth supply of compressed air thus to reduce fluctuation of compressed air source. The plant produces oxygen with PSA (pressure swing adsorption) technology, which is a time proven oxygen generation method. Oxygen of desired purity at 93%±3% is delivered to oxygen buffer tank for smooth supply of product gas. Oxygen in buffer tank is maintained at 4bar pressure.
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First, fry cultivating fry cultivating is to raise the fry into 4-5 cm species, the length of time is determined by the feeding technical conditions, generally 25-30 days. Fry cultivation can be carried out in stream cement ponds or general ponds, the former being generally used in small scale production and the latter used in large scale production. The following focuses on the method of cultivation of fertilizer ponds.
(1) Selection and disinfection of fish nursery ponds: The condition of the fry pool is directly affected by the feeding effect of the fry, so the fry pool should be convenient for water injection and drainage, neat terrain, firm pond, good soil, no water leakage, and pool bottom. Flat, silt appropriate, well-lit fish pond. The area is suitable for 1-3 mu and the water depth is 0.8-1 meter. Before the fry go down the pond for 15-20 days, the clearing and disinfection work of the cultivation pond must be done first to completely remove the wild fish and other predator creatures and create excellent environmental conditions for the fry to facilitate the survival and growth of the fry. When carrying out this work, the pool water should be drained first, wild wild fish and other predator creatures should be caught, the bottom of the pool should be leveled, debris in the pool and pool weeds should be removed, the pool pool should be reinforced, and the loopholes should be blocked. 5 days, backwater 3 - 5 cm deep before pond disinfection. Commonly used disinfection drugs and dosages are: quicklime 50-75kg/mu, teacup 20-30kg/mu or bleached powder containing efficiency 30% or more and 5-10kg/mu, of which lime is best.
(2) Casting basal fertilizer: After the fish pond is cleaned and disinfected, about 1 week before the fry hatching, it is necessary to cultivate natural food. Base fertilizer should be applied in the pool by filling the pond first with water of 70-80 cm, then the whole pool is splashed with faeces or in the pool. Green fertilizer is applied to the horns, 300-500 kilograms of Artemisia annua can be cut per acre, and the water quality should be controlled in the green or yellow-green color of mung bean.
(C) fry stocking: 7-8 days after the release of basal, if the weather is normal, you can prepare to fry. Before hatching, the fry should be cleaned with a dense mesh net to remove harmful insects, frog eggs, cockroaches and miscellaneous fishes that have been bred in the pool of clear ponds, and then put a few live fishes to test the water. Only after confirming that the toxicity has disappeared can the fry be released. Xitang Note the temperature difference between the container and the water temperature of the fry, both should be about 2 degrees, if the temperature difference is too large, you should adjust the container water temperature, make it close to the pool water temperature, and then put fish fry pond. Stocking density should be based on fry, water quality, fish pond conditions, feeding techniques and other conditions. The fish fry has good constitution, convenient water supply, adequate feed supply, good fish pond conditions, and high breeding technology, and the stocking density can be appropriately larger. It is generally appropriate to stock 20,000 to 50,000 per acre.
(D)Fry feeding and daily management
1. Feeding: Fish fry 2-3 days, because the pond is rich in natural food, so do not need to feed, later with the reduction of natural food and the growth of fish, must be fed artificial feed or artificial feed . The main ingredients of artificial compound feed are fish meal, corn flour, soybean flour, vitamins and minerals. The protein content is required to be 35% - 40%. Feed 3 to 4 times a day. The amount of daily feeding should be properly adjusted according to the weather, water temperature, and fish’s feeding conditions. It is advisable to eat within half an hour after feeding. To reduce the feed waste, it is best to feed before feeding. Mix the powdered feed with water first and then feed it.
2, daily management: fry during the feeding to strengthen daily management, should often pond, observe the pool fish activities and changes in water quality, find problems to take timely measures to prevent any accidents, during the entire fry feeding, the pool of dissolved oxygen should Keeping above 4 mg/L, staged water injection is an effective measure to improve the survival rate and growth rate of fry. When the fish seedlings begin to be fed artificially 2 to 3 days after the lower pond, the pond should be filled with 10-15 cm of water. After every other week, the water is injected once, each time the water injection is about 10cm, and finally the water is kept at a water depth of about 1.2m. When the water is injected, a dense net is used to filter the wild fish and pests, and at the same time, the water flow should be prevented from directly flushing into the bottom of the pool. Water stirs.
Second, when the fingerlings are reared to 4 to 5 centimeters, the body weight has increased several dozen times. If it is still cultivated in the original pool, it will affect the further growth of the fish body due to the excessive density. Therefore, separation must be carried out, and since the fish body is still small at this time, the defensive ability against enemy pests is still weak. If the fish is directly put into large water surface or adult fish ponds, the survival rate will be reduced. Therefore, the summer fish species should be cultivated. For large-scale fish species, it can then be used to provide cultured adult fish.
(I) Preparation of fish ponds: The conditions required by the fish ponds are similar to those of the fry ponds, but the area requirements are larger, 3 to 5 acres are ideal, and the water depth is 1.3 to 1.5 meters. The clearing and disinfecting of fish ponds is similar to the fry ponds. The fish species in this rearing stage are mainly artificially fed, so no basal fertilizer needs to be applied. The clearing and disinfection of fish ponds should be completed one week before the summer flower species are out of the pond.
(II) Stocking of summer flowers: Summer fish fingerlings and stocking time are generally from July to August. There are two kinds of stocking methods: monoculture and mixed polyculture with carp species, and polyculture is better because carp is mainly Feeding plankton on the ground and polyculture with spotted fork-tailed fish can avoid the large number of plankton in the pond and affect water quality, and can also increase the utilization rate of the pond. For long-distance transport of summer fish species, 1%-3% of the brine is required to be disinfected before stocking. The stocking density should be determined according to the expected discharge specifications and pond conditions. Small, but the production conditions are good, and there are oxygen-increasing equipment, etc., can be appropriately increased stocking density, on the contrary, we must appropriately reduce the stocking density. According to the experiment, the stocking of 1 to 20,000 summer flowers per acre, together with 300 to 500 tails of small-sized summer fish, can obtain good feeding effects.
(III) Feeding and daily management
1. Feeding: During the rearing of the fingerlings, the artificial feed is mainly used for feeding. To improve the feed utilization ratio, the compound feed should be processed into fine granular buoyancy or sinking. The amount of daily feeding at the fingerling stage should also be reasonably adjusted according to the water temperature, water quality, and the fish’s feeding status.
2. Daily management: (1) Every morning or afternoon, each of the patrol ponds will observe the water quality and fish activity, and measure the water temperature and dissolved oxygen on time to understand the feeding dynamics. (2) Inject water or change water at the right time to improve water quality. Keep the pool dissolved oxygen above 3 mg/L to prevent anoxic pans.
3. Do a good job of preventing floods and preventing floods, and regularly perform fish disease prevention and control work.
Fourth, disease prevention and control:
The prevention and control of fish diseases during the time of seedling rearing back is an important part of the breeding process, especially in high-density farming. It is imperative to do a good job of prevention and treatment of disease, and to implement the “prevention without disease, disease earlyâ€. The principle of "governance and prevention is more important than governance."
(I) Viral Disease Pathogens: Cataract Recurrent Virus Disease (CCVD)
Symptoms: The diseased fish has bleeding at the base of the skin and fins, abdominal distension, and pale yellow exudates (ascites). Pain or bleeding, one or both eyes protruding. If anatomical examination can be seen in muscle tissue, liver, kidney and spleen have hemorrhage area. The spleen is light red and swollen; the stomach is swollen with mucus-like secretions; the intestine is grayish and has no food. The diseased fish spiralled and sluggishly suspended vertically in the water. The disease is highly contagious. When the water temperature is 30 degrees, the disease is mainly caused by fish species less than 10 cm in size, and juvenile fish aged from 3-4 months may also be infected. The course is usually 3-7 days. The mortality rate can reach 95-100%, and the remaining fish can grow slowly.
Prevention: Currently there is no effective drug treatment for the disease. Reducing water temperature can reduce mortality, but it is not practical in production. Therefore, we should start with prevention, pay attention to stocking density, and strengthen feeding and management.
(b) Bacterial diseases are mainly caused by infection with Aeromonas, Edwase, and P. columnarella. It accounts for a significant proportion of sick fish.
1. Pathogens of hemorrhagic spoilage: Aeromonas hydrophila symptoms: sick fish swimming in the water with sluggish convulsions, stopping feeding, round and sparse ulcerations on the skin (skin, muscle necrosis), swelling of the abdomen, eyeballs Prominent, the body cavity is filled with bloody fluid, the kidneys become soft and swollen, the liver gray with a small bleeding point, the intestine is full of bloody or light red liquid, the hindgut and anus often have bleeding symptoms, swelling . The disease mostly occurs in spring or early summer.
Control: Sprinkle pool water with 2 PPM oxytetracycline solution. Every kilogram of fish is fed with 0.5 mg of oxytetracycline per day or 0.5 kg of garlic per day and 0.1 kg of salt is fed into the feed continuously for 5 days.
2, Edwards disease pathogen: Edward's disease.
Symptoms: In the early stage of disease, the diameter of the injured area of ​​the fish's pectoral fins is 3-5mm, and the bacteria frequently invade the fish's blood or infect the kidneys. The diseased fish has foul gas in the damaged muscles. The sick fish that died were clearly related to the weakening of the kidneys and liver. Late onset is difficult to treat.
Treatment: Refer to hemorrhagic spoilage disease.
3, columnar pathogens: columnar bacillus disease: early in the diseased fish trunk, head injury, or fins with gray spots, and a slight congestion. As the symptoms widen, they turn grayish ulcers. The skin is completely eroded and the muscles are exposed. As the infection deepened, fish died. In addition, after the fins of infected fish are eroded, pathogens spread to other parts of the body. Usually the end of the silk begins to have a brown necrotic tissue that develops to the base of the silk. Fungi can invade these lesions as secondary pathogens.
Prevention: Use 1-3% salt water to soak up the fish until there is anxiety.
(c) Mycosis
1. Saprolegniasis Pathogen: Saprolegniasis: After being infected, the infected fish will grow small or large clusters of pale cottony mycelia on any part of the body. Damage caused by operations such as fishing and spawning or other diseases often cause the waterborne mold to invade the infection. This disease can occur throughout the year.
(D) Parasitic Pathogens: Fish puffer bean disease: parasites on the axilla and body surface. Parasitic parts form a gray or blue film due to excessive mucus secretion. Bacterial secondary infections can sometimes occur. This disease can occur throughout the year, but it is more harmful when the water temperature is low.
Prevention: Use 0.3PPM copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) Quanchiposa.
2. Pathogens of hair worm disease: hairy stem disease: parasitization in the sacrum, severe swelling, anemia, and sometimes rot. It can pose great hazards to both fish species and adult fish.
Prevention: Use 0.3PPM copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) Quanchiposa.
3, the pathogen of the small melon worm: more than a small melon worms disease: small melon worm is the most serious disease. If the environmental conditions are suitable for this disease, all fish can be killed within a few days. After the small melons invade the fish's skin and tendon tissue, they form small white spots of the size of the needles, visible to the naked eye. The disease is seasonal. The spring water temperature of 20-25 degrees is suitable for the growth and reproduction of the small melon worm.
Prevention: Sprinkle whole soup with ginger and pepper and splash it once every 2 days, 1-3 courses.
