Rice transplanter technology (2)
31. What is the easy way to lay a double membrane seedling bed soil? Answer: After laying the bottom film with holes on the surface of the grate board, first fix the wood strips with a width of 2 to 3 centimeters, a thickness of 2.0 centimeters, and a length of 200 centimeters on both sides of the board (along the edge of the gutters). Subsoil and flattened with a wooden ruler. The thickness of the soil was the same as the thickness of the wooden bar fixed on both sides of the sampan (2.0 cm). 32, how to floppy disk land? A: In order to avoid the difference in thickness between the disks, a floppy disk should be paved with a standard disk with a thickness of 2.0 cm. Afterwards, the standard disk soil is poured into a pre-prepared fixed container to determine the position of the soil, and then the container is marked with soil. Pour it into a floppy disk and pound it with a wooden ruler. 33, how to bed soil replenishment? Answer: The relative soil moisture content of bed soil should be 85 to 90%. Water replenishment method: One kind is to level the ditch water one day before sowing. The bed soil (disc soil) to be paved is drained quickly after it is fully absorbed. One is to spray water directly with the watering can before sowing. 34. What is the appropriate broadcast volume for machine-inserted seedlings? Answer: In order to cultivate healthy seedlings suitable for machine insertion, the basic principle for determining the appropriate density of the seedlings for transplanting seedlings is uniform and packing, that is, referring to the number of seedlings per hole planted in the field, and ensuring the uniformity of seeding and the ability of the seedling root system to bind. Next, according to species, climate and other factors can be appropriately reduced sowing, in order to improve the quality of seedlings, increase ageing flexibility. The sowing amount of each hybrid rice bud is 80-100 g for general hybrid rice and 120-150 g for conventional japonica rice. Sowing too much or too little is unfavorable for the cultivation of qualified machine seedlings. 35. Why insist on uniform broadcast? What are the requirements for simulcasting? Answer: The transplanter is planting seedlings by cutting small soil blocks. The number of planters per hole is the number of seedlings on each block. General requirements per square centimeter block on conventional rice seedlings 1.5 to 3 plants, hybrid rice seedlings 1 to 1.5, otherwise it will cause leakage or ramets uneven. When sowing, double-membrane seedlings are required to be seeded according to the area of ​​the seedlings, and the floppy seedlings are required to be seeded according to the number of seedlings, and the seeds must be sowed in detail and evenly sown. 36. What problems should be noticed when planting seed soil after sowing? Answer: After seeding, cover the seed soil evenly. The soil thickness is 0.3 to 0.5 cm. It is advisable to cover no buds. Uniform and consistent, not too thick. Pay attention to the use of unfiltered fine soil, can not use nutrient soil mixed with strong agent. Do not sprinkle water after cover soil is sprinkled to prevent seedlings from affecting the topsoil. 37. In the method of erecting seedlings in the field, why do you need to take cover and cover the grass after planting the soil on the board surface? A: After sprouting, buds must be exposed to certain temperatures and high humidity to achieve neat and neat appearance. The general requirements of the temperature in the 28 ~ 35 °C, humidity maintained at about 90%. In order to create a good growing environment for the buds after sowing, agricultural film covering is used to control temperature and moisture. At the same time, the film is covered with grass cover, which can play a double role in night-time heat preservation and can avoid high-temperature burns at sunny noon. 38. What are the key technologies for sealing and covering grass? Answer: In order to prevent the cover film from forming a stuffy rotten bud on the soil of the bed, it is necessary to first place a reed or a layer of thin wheatgrass every 50 to 60 centimeters along the fascia board, and then cover the membrane. . Thickness of cover grass is generally better than invisible coating. If the cover grass is too thin, it can easily burn the sprouts in high temperatures at noon on sunny days, and the thick and thick seedlings are not neat. 39. How can we ensure full broadcast of seedlings? Answer: The appropriate temperature after sowing is the key to ensure that all seedlings are seeded, and bed soil humidity should be maintained at about 90%. If rain emerges during the seedling stage, it may cause excessive humidity in the bed soil, forming a stuffy rotten bud and affecting the whole seedlings. The measures taken are: to open a drainage gap in Putian, to prevent rain flooding the flooded fields; timely remove the water on the cover membrane after the rain, in order to avoid partial pressure on the bed surface, to ensure that all seedlings are broadcast. 40. Under what circumstances should the scaffold be erected? What are the main management measures for erecting seedlings? Answer: In early spring or late spring cold-prone areas where the temperature is low, when the minimum temperature cannot be stably maintained at 15°C during seeding, it is necessary to build a temperature-increased stand on the foundation of the membrane. When the young shoots emerge from the soil surface, the surface temperature in the sunny midday shed should be controlled below 35°C. In case of higher temperatures, ventilation or cover straws can be used to reduce the temperature to prevent the high temperature from burning the seedlings. 41. What period is the best time to open the seedlings? why? Answer: The best unfolding film for seedlings with film-covering lids is Qimiao. After the first complete leaf is extracted from 0.8-1.0 cm, it will be uncovered after 3 to 5 days of sowing. If the covering time is too long, in case of high temperature and fine weather, it is easy to burn seedlings; if the covering time is too short, the emergence is not neat, and the rate of seedling growth is reduced. 42. What is the principle of removing the film? A: It was revealed on a sunny evening, exposed on a cloudy morning, exposed before light rain, and exposed after heavy rain. In case of cold weather, film removal should be postponed and the night cover should be opened. 43. How to manage moisture in the field of transplanting seedlings? Answer: In order to control the water level in the field during transplanting, we should use bed soil or wet soil management. Keep bed soil (disc soil) is not white, sunny noon seedlings do not roll leaf, lack of water and make up water, so that the use of water to adjust the gas, to promote the purpose of air. Water replenishment method: Putian centralized plots can be used for irrigation of ditch water, and scattered nursery pods can be used for watering and moistening as soon as possible, and 2 to 3 days before transplanting to control water saplings. In early spring, when encountering strong cold air, we must nurse the waist water to protect the seedlings, change the water and protect the seedlings during the warm-up period, prevent the low-temperature freezing damage and the temperature difference from changing too much to cause rotting and dead seedlings. Root vitality. 44, how to determine topdressing "weaning fat"? Answer: The application of weaning fertilizer should be flexibly controlled according to specific conditions such as fertility, age and weather characteristics of bed soil (disc soil). In general, seedlings are applied at the time of one leaf and one heart (7-8 days after sowing). If the bed is fertile and there is more rain, it can be exempted. Wheat bran in order to prevent the seedlings is too high, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced appropriately. 45. What is the application of weaning fertilizer? A: Each mu of sorghum field with decomposed human feces clear 500 kg of water 1000 kg, can also use urea 5 kg watered 500 kg, in the evening pouring. 46. ​​What are the causes, symptoms, and main preventive measures of common blue (yellow) dead plants in Putian period? Answer: Since rice transplanting has higher density than conventional hand-planted rice seedlings, the quality of seedlings is relatively weak. In the paddy field, especially in the period of 2 to 3 leaves, the seedlings are in the period before and after the weaning period. Yellow) dead dead. Bacterial seedlings are affected by low temperature, or they are not timely watered after the storm, resulting in the phenomenon of water loss and death of the seedlings. It is an acute physiological disease and usually occurs as a whole. The diseased seedlings began to wilted and curled into a tube from the young part of the heart, and then the whole plant died of wilting. After the death, the leaf color was dark green, but the seedling stem was not yet rotted. The seedlings were hand-pulled and the roots would not be detached. The roots were water. Hot. Yellow dead seedlings are deaths that occur after the seedlings are slowly victimized at low temperatures. They are chronic physiological diseases and usually occur in clusters. Onset from the tip to the leaf stem, from the outside to the inside, from the old leaves to the young leaves, gradually turn yellow and brown withered, the base of the seedlings often rot due to pathogenic parasites, hand picking seedlings, the root easily detached. Major preventive measures: In case of low-temperature cold waves, water insulation is required. If the wet and cold weather lasts for a long time, it is necessary to adopt the method of diligent irrigation or night irrigation when the water temperature and soil temperature in Putian gradually decrease, and the method of raising night water should be used to increase the water temperature. Supply oxygen to prevent dead seedlings. Cold storms should be timely flooded seedling protection, ease the temperature difference, after the gradual drainage, should not be immediately drained when fine, to prevent the water balance of the seedlings lose balance, causing physiological water loss, the occurrence of blue and dry dead seedlings. In addition, we can also apply "weaning fertilizer" according to the seedlings to enhance the resistance of the seedlings. 47. Causes and prevention measures of seedling seedlings in Putian period? A: The reasons for the seedling emergence of seedlings during the field period are as follows: 1 When the soil is sown, the cover soil is uneven, and the thick soil is likely to cause boring species, resulting in relatively slow emergence and lagging growth; 2 the rain cannot be timely The water in the membrane area was removed, resulting in “sticking the plaster†and affecting the growth of the seedlings. 3 The unevenness of the seesaw resulted in the water in the upper part of the board having relatively high water level. The seedlings were in water stress and grew slowly. In view of the above reasons, the stress should be made to straighten the board surface during seedling raising; the cover soil should be even after sowing, and it is better to not see the sprouts; during the film-covering period, the temperature inside the film should be maintained according to the weather, and the film area water should be removed in time after the rain. 48 What are the main pests in Putian period? How to prevent it? Answer: The main insect pests in Putian period are: rice, horseshoe, stauntia, aphids, etc. Putian period should pay close attention to the occurrence of insect pests, timely symptomatic medication control. For the prevention and control of rice thrips and aphids, Mujing Ikeda usually uses organic phosphorus pesticides such as “dimethoate†and “methaphosphor†100 ml, adding 30 to 40 kg of water evenly to spray; 2 grams (active ingredient) plus 80 kg of water spray rough fog, and at the same time, can also be used for the treatment of rice stubble. 49. What climatic conditions seedlings are vulnerable to blight? How to prevent it? A: The temperature is relatively low and the temperature difference is relatively large. The seedlings are vulnerable to the infestation of blight. During the spring flood season, the temperature is relatively low, and prevention and control should be adhered to. After removing the film, observe the seedlings in the early morning. If there are no water droplets (spitting water) on the tip of the seedlings, all fields should be prevented and treated. Each pot of fenchi Ishida shall be treated with 65% “enexone†500 grams of water and 600 to 750 kilograms of water. 50, how to determine the use of booster and use methods? A: Boosters are plant growth stunts that inhibit the elongation of plant cells. In the same dose, the higher the temperature is, the more obvious the dwarfing effect is. Under normal circumstances, the transplanted seedlings do not have to be applied. If the temperature during the growing period is high, the rain is too high, the seedlings grow rapidly, and the wheat seedlings that can not be transplanted in time can be used, and 15% Paclobutrazol WP can be used per acre (50:1:2000) per acre. If the amount is too large and the spray is not uniform, such as bed soil fertilization, it is necessary not to use the "drought-enemant-strengthening agent" to retard the longitudinal growth rate of the seedlings, promote lateral growth, and increase the dry matter content of the seedlings, so as to help strengthen the seedlings. effect. 51, how to make good "send marriage fat"? Answer: When the seedlings are transplanted, they have high levels of nitrogen in their bodies and strong rooting ability; they have high carbon levels and have strong resistance to plant damage. To transplant seedlings with strong rooting ability, but also have a strong ability to resist plant injury, seedlings should be seen before planting to send the marriage of fertilizer, to promote the development of seedlings root base, leaves very healthy and delicate. The specific fertilization time should be used in batches according to the machine insertion progress, generally 3 to 4 days before transplanting; the amount of fertilizer and the application method should be determined according to the seedling color: the depigmentation seedling with faded leaf color, and urea per mu 4~ 4.5 kilograms of water 500 kilograms Evenly sprayed or splashed with water, sprinkled with water after application to prevent burning and burning seedlings; leaf color normal, leaves upright and not under the seedlings, acres with urea 1 ~ 1.5 kg watered 100 ~ 150 Kilograms were sprayed on the roots; the leaves were dark green and the leaves were covered with seedlings. Do not apply fertilizer. Water control measures should be taken to increase seedling quality. 52. Why do you have to control the water before planting? How to control the water hardening time? A: Before planting, water control is used to reduce the free water content of the seedlings, increase the carbon level, and enhance the resilience of the seedlings. It is an important means for nurturing strong seedlings, and the water control time should be based on the weather conditions before transplanting. And set. Because of the early sowing of early spring sowing, the temperature, light intensity, seedling evapotranspiration, and wheat stubble ratio are all relatively low before planting in spring. In general, the water is used for hardening seedlings 5 ​​days before transplanting. The temperature before the wheat aphid is high and the transpiration is large. The water control time should be carried out 3 days before planting. Water control method: Keep the ditch water for sunny days. If the seedlings are rolled at noon, they can take water and moisturize. Rainy weather should drain the sulcus, especially before the planting, cover the rain before the rain, to prevent bed soil moisture is too high and affect the starting and planting. 53. Why do you insist on taking medicine to transplant? Answer: Machine-transplanted seedlings are vulnerable to tender insects such as rice thrips, aphids and rice armor due to their small size and tenderness. A chemical control work before planting can effectively control the pests of Honda's live plants before and after returning green. 54, how to transplant with medicine? Answer: Spray 1 to 2 days before planting with 2.5% fast killing emulsifiable concentrate 30 to 35 ml watered 40 to 60 kg. In the area of ​​rice stripe disease, control should be 10% imidacloprid EC 10%, control the spread of poisoning of Laodelphax striatellus, so that with the drug transplant, a medicine cures. 55. What is the key to transplanting seedlings? Answer: The key to transplanting seedlings by transplanting seedlings is to transport lightly and lightly; transport and planting; reduce the number of movements and avoid the deformation of maggots. To reach the square vertical and square, no shortage of corners. 56, how to start the seedlings? Answer: The transplanting and transplanting of machine transplants should adopt corresponding measures according to different methods of breeding. The floppy disks can be transported to the field head with the disk level, and can also be rolled up after the start of the disk stacking, stacked in the transport vehicle, and the stacking layer number is generally 2 ~ 3 layers is appropriate, not too much and increase the pressure at the bottom, resulting in deformation and break the seedlings block seedlings, transported to the field should immediately remove the flat, so that the seedlings naturally stretch, and facilitate the machine inserted. Before picking up the double diaphragm, first cut the seedlings of the entire board into a standard block with a width of 27.5 to 28 cm and a length of about 58 cm, then roll the roll and carefully stack it on the truck. . 57. What are the main operations of machine-planting Honda's intensive cultivation? A: The cultivation of rice fields before planting is an important part of the high-yielding cultivation techniques for rice. Generally, it includes ploughing, cultivating, drying, fertilizing, smashing, digging, leveling, removing surface floats, and chemically sealing grass. Wait for nine links. 58. Briefly describe how to insert Honda's different methods for plowing in Honda. Answer: In the spring field (blank blasphemy): On the basis of the spring ploughing and stalking, one week before the machine is inserted, the swift field leveling is performed. Wheat and oil sorghum: depending on the difference in the level of stay sorghum, low-lying land should be ploughed with a rotary ploughing hoeing machine, and at the same time be able to eliminate smashing and burying hoeing at the same time, insisting on dry smashing and smashing before landing in Sheung Shui, and according to age, On the basis of ensuring proper transplanting, depending on the weather conditions, it can be sunburned for 2 to 3 days in order to improve soil physical and chemical properties; in high stubble land, it can be directly soaked in water, and then it can be immersed in a paddy soil preparation machine. Tillage operation. 59, how to apply basal fertilizer? Answer: The basal fertilizer can be applied according to the factors such as soil fertility, cornices, etc., and the principle of combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic quick-release fertilizer can be adhered to. Generally, 5-10 days before transplanting, 1000-1500 kg of manure per acre or 50-80 kg of compound fertilizer is used to fertilize fertility; Medium fertility is a field, and 35% of rice special fertilizer is applied to 30 kg or 25% of compound fertilizer per acre. 40 kg or 20 kg of BB fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer; fertilize and plow till first to achieve full-layer fertilization and soil and fertilizer blending. In addition, as wheat straw is used for returning more fields, it is necessary to increase ammonium bicarbonate by 10 to 15 kilograms per kilogram for the surface fertilizer one day before transplanting, to avoid the formation of nitrogen from straw during the decay process, which may cause temporary nitrogen in the soil. Defective phenomenon. 60, what are the requirements for the quality of machine seedlings? Answer: The transplanter's operating performance and seedling characteristics have determined that Daejeon's site preparation must meet the following requirements: First, Tian Ping is a mirror, and after planting, the water is planted in inches. The second is that the plots are clean and tidy, and the plots where the straw is returned to the field and the stubble effect is not good must be combined with manual burying at the time of depression to remove the debris on the field. The third is to make it coarse and fine, but not to paste, and to make it dirty. The fourth is that mud sedimentation reaches muddy water, sedimentation is not compacted, and water is not turbid. Our Honey include polyflora honey, Acacia Honey, sunflower honey, buckwheat honey, linden honey, Vitex Honey etc. Our Honey 100% Pure Honey,Mixed-Flowers Honey,Polyfloral Honey,Acacia Honey,Multi-flower Honey,Chaste Honey Easy Food (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd. , https://www.jxeasyfood.com
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