How to ferment sawdust to make nutritious soil
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**How to Turn Sawdust into Nutrient-Rich Soil: A Simple Fermentation Guide**
In forestry production areas, sawdust is often seen as waste, piled up and left to take up space. However, sawdust is actually a valuable resource that can be transformed into nutrient-rich soil through proper fermentation. This process not only reduces environmental pressure but also enhances the value of this organic material. Once fermented, sawdust can be used for various purposes—such as high-quality potting mix for plants, soil enhancers, or even as a low-protein feed for livestock.
Sawdust contains approximately 58.4% carbon, 0.26% nitrogen, 0.08% hydrogen, and 2.6% ash. Its high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio makes it difficult to decompose using natural methods, which usually takes one to two years. To speed up the process, you can use a microbial starter like Gumbol Biofermenting Agent. However, it's essential to follow the correct procedure, especially when adjusting the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Adding an appropriate amount of nitrogen source (like urea or poultry manure) is crucial for successful fermentation.
**Step-by-Step Process:**
1. **Prepare the Materials**
For 2 cubic meters of sawdust, you'll need:
- 1 bag of microbial fermenting agent
- 2 kg of urea (or 50–100 kg of poultry manure)
- 5 kg of rice bran
2. **Adjust Moisture Content**
The moisture level of the sawdust should be around 60–65%. A simple way to check is by squeezing a handful—if it holds together without dripping, it's just right. If too wet or too dry, it won’t ferment properly. Mix 2 kg of urea with water to create a urea solution.
3. **Mix the Microbial Starter**
To make it easier to spread evenly, mix the microbial agent with 5 kg of rice bran. This creates a more manageable mixture, about 6 kg in total, which can be easily distributed throughout the sawdust pile.
4. **Layer the Materials**
Spread the microbial and rice bran mixture evenly over the sawdust. Then, pour the urea solution over the pile. Make sure everything is well mixed and then form a heap. Cover it with a breathable material to retain heat and moisture.
5. **Turn the Pile**
After 7–10 days, the temperature inside the pile should reach around 60°C. At this point, turn the pile once to ensure even decomposition. Let it rest for 24–36 hours, then turn it again once the temperature rises to 60°C. After the second turn, let it sit for another 5–7 days. When the temperature stabilizes below 40°C, the fermentation is complete.
Under normal conditions, the entire process takes about 25–30 days. If you want to enhance the quality further, you can extend the process to 30–45 days.
By following these steps, you can transform what was once considered waste into a valuable resource that benefits both the environment and your garden or farm.