China has a green food special fertilizer production process
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Nowadays, people talk about a lot of food quality, pollution-free and pollution-free. This marks the beginning of people's pursuit of a high-quality, high-quality lifestyle and the growing awareness of advocating green food. China will soon join the WTO. The international market needs green and environmentally friendly agricultural products. These products all require special fertilizers for green food as a guarantee. The production of special fertilizers for green food can only be completed by processing with advanced industrialized processing equipment. The raw materials for special fertilizers come from the large amount of livestock and poultry excrement produced by animal husbandry. The current crop fertilization in China has the following problems: excessive use of chemical fertilizers, unreasonable use of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, resulting in soil compaction, decreased soil fertility, low fertilizer utilization, serious air pollution, and excessive levels of harmful substances such as nitrates in fertilizers. Seriously affect people's health. In recent years, the state has repeatedly promoted the application of organic fertilizers and promoted balanced technologies. However, the effect is not satisfactory, because most farmers generally use indigenous methods or directly apply untreated wet excrement. Burning seedlings and smoked sheds often occur. The pests and diseases are also very serious. To this end, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the "Farm Harvesting Plan Backup Technology Project" (the demonstration and promotion of the application of high-efficient organic balance fertilizers) to overcome the disadvantages of farmyard fertilizers that do not achieve the effect of factory production. In order to meet the requirements of modern development, after years of research and experimentation, the Ministry of Agriculture Planning and Design Institute that has undertaken this project has developed a process and a series of key equipment for the production of green food commodity fertilizers. This process is the first to adjust the moisture of wet manure to about 60% for fermentation, kill all kinds of harmful bacteria while the water of the fertilizer evaporates, remove the odor, and then measure, mix and pulverize with NPK fertilizer and other trace elements. Processes are made into granules. In the above process, the most critical link is the pollution-free treatment process of livestock and poultry manure that is the fermentation process. There are three types of animal manure fermentation commonly used in China: The first is the tower fermentation method. This method has low operating costs and low secondary pollution. The disadvantage is that the fermented tower is a steel structure. The one-off investment is large, and the excrement of livestock and poultry is extremely corrosive, and the tower has a short life span. The second is the tank fermentation method. This method has the advantages of energy saving and low processing cost. The disadvantages are: limited by the design principle of the mixer; the fertilizer stack can not be too high, the floor space is large and the time is long, so the processing capacity is small; the oxygen supply is insufficient during the fermentation process, resulting in bad odor Odor, pollution of the environment. The third is the turning method. This method piles raw materials of organic fertilizers into long ridges with a height of about 1 meter. It is regularly turned using forklifts and other equipment. It covers a large area with secondary pollution, and has a poor fermentation effect. The Ministry of Agriculture Planning Institute established a production line for the production of green food special fertilizer at the Beijing Jingde Organic Compound Fertilizer Factory in Xingtai City, Hebei Province. The high temperature and aerobic fermentation process is used to harmlessly treat livestock and poultry manure and is strictly applied in fertilizer formulations. Control the amount of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer added. The total investment of the equipment for this process is about 500,000 yuan, and the total installed capacity is 110KW. It can handle 25 tons of livestock manure (about 60% of water content) on a daily basis. The annual output of pure organic fertilizer is 3,200 tons, and the total nutrients of NPK can be ≥15. %, more than 4,100 tons of organic and inorganic fertilizers with organic matter ≥12% and moisture content ≤13%. This fertilizer was tested in Cangshan County, Shandong Province and proved that without increasing farmers' fertilizer investment, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers (special fertilizers based on organic fertilizers) configured according to the principles of balanced fertilization can completely replace the fertilizers originally used ( Especially base fertilizer). Fertilizers produced using this process equipment can increase fertilizer utilization, reduce fertilizer waste, and contaminate the environment. In addition, the rational use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer can not only maintain the high yield of crops, but also reduce the residues of nitrates and nitrites in vegetables. Moreover, this industrialized organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is completely fermented and dried at high temperature, and there are no eggs. It does not lead to bacterial production, effectively reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases, thereby reducing the amount of pesticides used to ensure the pollution-free vegetables.