Problems in the Prevention and Control of Livestock and Poultry Diseases in Rural Areas and Countermeasures

At present, in the rural areas, subject to objective conditions, most localities still adopt the form of decentralized farming, and it is difficult to carry out unified management. As a result, there are many problems that need to be resolved urgently.

Inappropriate medication

Mainly as follows: First, medicine is not symptomatic. Some farmers use antibacterial drugs or quick-acting special effects drugs after the onset of livestock and poultry. The second is that the dose is not allowed. Drug dose is the key to preventing and treating diseases, and it should be determined according to the condition and weight of the age. Some farmers think that the larger the dose, the better, and always want to increase the dose to achieve rapid treatment. Third, the lack of treatment. In order to save money, some farmers stopped their medications as soon as they saw the symptoms disappeared. The result was that treatment was not thorough because of lack of treatment and relapse was common. Some farmers are eager to cure, if they can not immediately take effect after medication, immediately change the drug, regardless of drug treatment. Fourth, medication taboos. Some breeders think that the more varieties of medicine, the better, regardless of whether the drugs can be mixed and use multiple drugs at the same time.

Epidemic prevention is not up to standard

At present, the mainstay of rural aquaculture is farmers. They know very little about the knowledge of programmed immunization, and they are inevitably mistaken in their operations. As a result, immunization is not tight, and sometimes immune failure and cross-infection of diseases and diseases occur. Specifically: First, the immunization procedure is unreasonable. Some farmers use their own experience to immunize. The second is the unqualified quality of the vaccine. Due to the current miscellaneous products in the biological product market, many self-employment, and poor preservation conditions of vaccines, farmers will accidentally use expired and poor quality vaccines and cause immunization failure. The third is improper operation. Dosage is not allowed. The use of too little or too much will affect the effect. The method is wrong. Different ways of vaccination are different. Improper dilution. Without diluting with saline, some farmers use diluted well water or tap water, resulting in poor results. Fourth, the harmless treatment is not strict. Some farmers only pay attention to production and neglect environmental sanitation. For example, if the manure is piled up around the farm, sewage overflows and the odor rises, it is easy to cause pollution. On the Other hand, the sick and dead animals are not treated innocently, but are randomly Toss it out, even worse, eat it yourself or sell it to a restaurant.

Disinfection is not strict

Many farmers are affected by traditional concepts. They are dismissive of prevention work and have little awareness of environmental disinfection. They have not taken this aspect seriously. The specific performance is: No disinfection tank is set in front of the farm. Even if there is a disinfecting pool, it is also useless. The disinfectant will not be replaced for a long time. Outsiders will enter and leave the area without disinfection, and the keeper does not have special work clothes and shoes. Disinfection did not form a system. Even if disinfection was carried out, it was only sterilized in the house, and it was ignored outside the house.

Countermeasures

Implement a veterinary cooperative medical system. Implementing veterinary cooperative medical care in rural areas is a win-win measure. It can not only guarantee the timely treatment of sick animals, but also reduce mortality and reduce the risk of breeding. Therefore, in the event of livestock and poultry must be professional veterinarian diagnosed, prescribe the right medicine, avoid using drugs.

Establish and improve the immune system. We must adhere to the principle of "prevention first" and properly formulate immunization procedures in light of the actual situation of the local and local farms and the epidemic situation, and in particular, conduct timely immunizations against harmful and prolific diseases. In the use of vaccines to understand the use of methods, precautions, date of manufacture, etc., after the immunization should be carefully observed, pay attention to the outside world disease epidemic, if necessary, additional inoculation.

Strengthen the disinfection work. Farmers should take the opportunity to cut off the vector and eradicate the source of infection. They should always be vigilant. They should ideologically attach importance to disinfection and sanitation and form a system to regularly sterilize the inside and outside of the farm to effectively control the spread of germs (poisons).

Increase publicity and training. Through publicity and training, the masses must not only understand how to raise and manage technology, but also further enhance their awareness of prevention, change traditional concepts as soon as possible, accept new technologies, and improve the scientific and technological content of the breeding industry, so that the aquaculture industry will gradually embark on the road to standardization.

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