High temperature season cultivation of mushrooms key link
Xuzhou Xinbaisheng Protective Equipnent Co., Ltd. , https://www.xinparkson.com
To successfully grow mushrooms during the hot season, it's essential to focus on three key technical aspects. These elements not only ensure a healthy crop but also help maximize yield and quality even under challenging high-temperature conditions.
First, selecting the right high-temperature-resistant mushroom strains is crucial. Among the most suitable varieties are Xincheng 96 and Su Mushroom No.1. Xincheng 96 can thrive in temperatures ranging from 18°C to 36°C, with the best germination occurring between 25°C and 33°C. Its fruiting temperature is also 20°C to 36°C, with optimal growth at 24°C to 33°C. This strain is known for its resistance to heat, as the mushrooms remain fresh and do not discolor for up to 2–3 days. However, it has slower mycelium growth and weaker decomposition ability, requiring higher-quality culture materials. It’s best to plant this strain in May or June, with fruiting starting in June through September. On the other hand, Su Mushroom No.1 can germinate at 10°C to 35°C, with the ideal range being 20°C to 30°C. Its fruiting temperature is similar, with the best results between 15°C and 32°C. This variety grows faster, has strong vitality, and is ideal for planting between March and April, with fruiting from April to July.
Second, proper substrate fermentation is essential. During the cooler months of February and March, choose a location with a stable base temperature and good moisture retention, such as a plastic greenhouse built using heap fermentation. The nutritional composition and composting method should be similar to those used for autumn mushroom cultivation. To maintain an even temperature, use a warming agent when building the compost pile. The internal temperature should reach 60–65°C by the fifth day of composting. Once the material reaches 60°C, turn it for the first time after seven days. Continue turning every 5–6 days as the temperature drops. When the substrate becomes dark brown, soft, non-sticky, and odorless, it’s ready for inoculation.
Third, effective pest and disease control is vital. Common pests during the hot season include mushroom midges, springtails, and aphids, while diseases like walnut-like bacteria can also pose a serious threat. One of the most effective methods for controlling these issues is using insecticides and spices. For every 100 kg of culture material, mix 10 grams of Summer Mushroom Ning insecticide into 10 kg of water and spray it while turning the bed and inoculating. In addition to this, several other steps should be taken:
1. **Pest Control**: After covering the soil, combine spraying with water management. Mix a 1000x dilution of mushroom insect net insecticide with a 1000x dilution of seasoning agent in water to control pests. When temperatures rise above 20°C and adult mushroom midges appear on the beds, apply insecticides like cypermethrin. Make sure to spray all sides, walls, and the ground around the beds to eliminate adults and reduce the next generation of larvae.
2. **Disease Prevention and Treatment**: The spores of walnut-like bacteria often come from contaminated soil. To prevent this, avoid using soil that has previously been used for waste mushrooms. Instead, dig clean soil from the middle of a paddy field, break it up, and dry it before use. Spray a 500x solution of fungicide 5 days before fruiting, and repeat after another 5 days. During the fruiting stage, if you notice irregular bacterial patches on the soil surface or reduced mushrooms, check the culture material beneath. If the color changes, it may indicate a walnut fungus infection. Remove the affected soil and culture material immediately, and re-treat the area with a 300x diluted solution. Let it dry naturally, then refill the soil and monitor the mushrooms closely.