How to control salinization in orchard soil
Different kinds of fruit trees, its salt and alkali resistance are also different, peach, apricot salt and alkali resistance is poor, grapes, jujube, salt and alkali resistance is stronger. Different types of rootstocks have different salt tolerances. In the apple rootstocks, the sea bass is more salt-resistant than the mountain stator; in the peach rootstock, the peach is stronger than the cherry in salt and alkali resistance. In addition, the same fruit trees and rootstocks, cultivated in different types of soil, have different salt-alkalinity performances. The fruit trees cultivated in sandy soil and clay soil have poor salt and alkali resistance, while the fruit trees cultivated in soil with high organic matter content have strong salt and alkali resistance. Under normal circumstances, the effect of soil salt concentration (salified degree) on the growth and development of fruit trees can be divided into four gradients: First, the total salt concentration is below 3000 mg/l, and fruit trees are generally not compromised. Second, the total salt concentration of 3000 ~ 5000 mg / l, ammonium ions can be detected in the soil, at this time, fruit trees on the loss of nutrient absorption of water balance, resulting in poor growth and development of fruit trees. Third, the total salt concentration of 5000 ~ 10000 mg / l, the accumulation of ammonium ions in the soil, the absorption of calcium in fruit trees is blocked, the leaves become brown, there Jiaozuo, causing poor fruit set, young fruit off. 4. When the total salt concentration is more than 10,000 mg/L, the root wall cells of fruit trees generally undergo plasmolysis, and new roots are blocked, causing plants to wither and die. In the cultivation of fruit trees, the "physiological drought" of fruit trees often occurs. That is, although water is often watered, only the surface of the soil is moist and the roots are concentrated or deeper. The occurrence of this phenomenon is mainly due to repeated watering, the porosity of the surface soil is reduced, and salt forms a “crust†on the soil surface, making it difficult for water to infiltrate. The basic content of soil salinization treatment in orchards is to take water control as the forerunner and fertilize fertilizer as the core to carry out comprehensive management of salt and alkali lean in drought and flood, the core of which is drainage, irrigation, leveling and fertilizer. Irrigation is the premise of agricultural production. Drainage is a guarantee of good harvest. Irrigation and drainage is a platform for the management of saline soil. Other measures can only play a greater role on this platform. The first is to reduce the salt content of the soil to a level that the crop can adapt to, and it is necessary to adopt hydraulic engineering measures, agricultural measures, and chemical soil improvement measures for alkaline soils. The second is to improve the salt tolerance of fruit trees and adapt to the saline environment of the soil. The third is to take measures to reduce the groundwater level and pay attention to irrigation and drainage projects. The fourth is the combination of engineering measures and agricultural measures. The traditional improvement measures for agricultural measures include scraping alkali, lifting alkalis, diluting alkalis, and increasing organic fertilizers. The fifth is to increase the application of organic fertilizer. In addition to salting damage, the saline soil is often restricted by the drought and infertility. It also shows that the soil fertility tends to decrease as the degree of salinization increases. Sixth, apply soil conditioners. Use physical measures to improve soil structure and enhance soil permeability; use chemical measures for soil improvement. The addition of calcium to the acidic soil (substitution effect), such as gypsum, calcium oxide, etc., but the large amount of gypsum, only three years to bear fruit, the cost is greater, and the northern calcareous soil itself is rich in calcium. Add acid (chemical action) to alkaline soil, such as sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, etc., but there is residue after adding alkaline acid, and increase soil salt. Therefore, it is very important to drain water immediately after applying the soil conditioner. Squid Whole Round,Frozen Squid,Frozen Squid Whole,Whole Gigas Squid Zhoushan City Shuangying Aquatic Products Co., Ltd.  , https://www.shuangying-aquatic.com