Shallow and deep-water ridge cultivation techniques
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1. Select good seedlings. Shallow swill should be selected as a suitable variety for shallow water cultivation, such as Hainan Island and Wulian No.2. It is best to have more than 3-4 sections of pods, with all the scorpions and crickets. Requires thick, vigorous buds, no pests, and no damage.
2. Choose a fertile clay loam field. The product organs of lotus root are formed in the underground soil. Therefore, the paddy fields that grow shallow water can retain water, are rich in organic matter, and have a deep silt layer. Fertile clay loam is the most suitable.
3, reasonable density. The planting density of lotus root is closely related to ripening period and yield. It is suitable for close planting and has the effect of early maturing and increasing yield. The density of general early-maturing varieties is: row spacing is 2 to 2.5 meters, and the distance is about 1 meter.
4, base fertilizer and top-dressing. The lotus root grows for a long period of time and requires more fertilizer. The general principle of applying shallow water to earthworms is equal weight between base fertilizer and top dressing. In general, 1500-2500 kg of livestock manure or manure per acre is used as a base fertilizer. Precocious pods generally top up 1500-2000 kilograms of manure-fertilizer per mu. Three times forced fat, focusing on the early stages of scarring.
5. Scientifically regulate water levels. The general principle of the shallow water layer management is shallow, medium depth, and shallow. The water layer in the bud should be shallow, preferably 4-7 cm. Stems and leaves in the vigorous growth of the water layer should be deeper, with 12-15 cm as well. During the scarring period, the water layer should be shallow, preferably 4-7 cm.
6, diligently turn shoots, timely weeding. In the vigorous growth of lotus root stems and leaves, the whip grows rapidly. When the leaves are about 1 meter away from the field side, in order to prevent the shoot from passing through the field, every two or three days, the tip of the field plough is turned to the field. The shoots are very tender, and the earth should be set aside with the shoots to prevent them from breaking and turning. It is better to do it at noon when turning. In the early stage of shallow water bream growth, there are more weeds, which have a greater impact on the growth of lotus root. Weeding should be done in time, and weeding should be combined with manual weeding and chemical weeding.
7, timely harvest. After the end of the leaves of the lotus root, the leaves of the terminating leaves show a reddish color, and when the edges of the basal leaves begin to yellow, the pods have fully matured. At this point you can dig the market.
Second, Sham Shui Po
1. Choose fine varieties and seeds. Sham Shui Po should choose suitable varieties for deep-water cultivation. Such as the silk seedlings, the Beijing Tang pond silkworm and so on. Select the excellent characteristics of this species, and then use the coarser or larger ones as the medium. The species must be fresh, stout, and intact, with at least 2 or more full-grown pods and complete budding.
2, choose the appropriate water surface. Sham Shui Po should select shallow lakes, rivers, flat waters, and stable fluctuations, and the thickness of the underwater silt layer should be 20 cm or more. The maximum water level in summer flood season does not exceed 120 cm.
3. Appropriate land preparation and reasonable base fertilizer. Before the planting of Sham Shui Po, if conditions permit, it should be accompanied by water. If the water level is deep, it is not convenient to cultivate, and a large shovel can be used to level the field properly. Apply 1500-2000 kilograms of manure per acre or 2,500 kilograms of green manure, base fertilizer should be ploughed into the soil. Deep-water fields are prone to phosphorus deficiency. It is best to apply 20-30 kg of calcium phosphate per mu to promote strong seedlings early on.
4, timely planting. Due to the deeper water level, the soil temperature rose slowly and the planting period was delayed by 10-15 days compared to the shallow water sluice.
5, solid top dressing. Deep-water fertilizers are easy to lose and liquid fertilizers are not suitable. When composting, the manure or grass should be buried in the mud. If fertilizer is used as top dressing, the chemical fertilizer and the river mud should be fully mixed to make a mud mass and be applied to the paddy field.
6, flood control and wind waves. Sham Shui Po water level is not easy to adjust. When the flood season arrives. If the leaves are submerged, they should be swept in an emergency within 8 hours to expose the lotus to the surface to prevent drowning. Sham Shui Po is vulnerable to wind and waves, especially during typhoons at the end of the cropping season, which often causes serious production cuts. Therefore, a few lines can be planted around Putian to prevent storms and reduce wind damage.
7, timely harvest. Sham Shui Po is mostly a late-maturing variety. It does not pick up tender pods. When all the yellow leaves are yellow, they can be dug up and listed.