Cotton Masters Seven Keys
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First, choose the superior species in recent years, in the demonstration and promotion of good performance in the cultivation of cotton varieties are: 冀228, Hengmian No. 4, Noza No. 1, Qinmian 616, No. 28 Lu Yanmian. Due to bad bells last year, the quality of self-retaining seeds was relatively poor, and it is hoped that the majority of cotton farmers will not plant self-cultivation species. After planting and retaining seeds, the yield is reduced, pests and diseases are aggravated, and insect resistance and stress resistance are reduced. If planting seedlings, germination tests must be done before sowing in order to determine the appropriate seeding rate.
Second, pouring water at the end of foot pouring 15 to 20 days before sowing, water forgery; rainfall of 60 mm or more, you can sow planting; Although there is rainfall, but the amount is smaller, to the appropriate amount of water. It is sufficient to sow seeds so as to achieve as little or no watering as possible during fertility.
Third, balanced fertilization in the fertilization to master the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers, emphasizing organic fertilizer, stable application of nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, increased potassium fertilizer, with the use of micro-fertilizer. Heavier saline soils should be supplemented with biological bacterial fertilizers and should pay attention to the use of physiological acid fertilizers. General mu production of cotton about 75 kg in the middle of the cotton fields, Mushi organic fertilizer 2 to 3 cubic meters or 75 kg high-quality cake fat, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride 15 kg, borax 0.5 kg, zinc sulfate 1 kg; Or apply more than 45% per mu high-content cotton-specific high-quality compound fertilizer 40-50 kg, 0.5 kg of borax, 1 kg of zinc sulfate. About 100 kilograms of lint and high-yield cotton fields, the amount of fertilizer is about 20% higher than that of the middle-class cotton fields.
Fourth, the flexible selection of herbicides to use herbicides to be flexible, herbicides use there are three time periods, the three can choose one. Herbicide varieties and methods of use vary according to the period of use. The first is to spray trifluralin or securidine before the ploughing, and to form weeds to control the weeds by mixing in the depression. The second is before the filming after sowing: the use of acetochlor or pendimethalin to prevent weeds. Currently pendimethalin has a good weeding effect, and cotton is not easily harmed by traditional Chinese medicine. The third is after sowing the film: spraying the herbicide film on the film to prevent weeds. The use of herbicide must be strictly in accordance with the instructions to use the concentration to prevent re-spray or missing spray, so as not to cause seedling herbicide injury or weeds in the cotton field.
5. Pre-seeding seed treatment Before cotton sowing, 3 to 5 days of sowing should be conducted before sowing, which can break the dormancy, promote the ripening of seeds, and increase the germination rate. Be careful not to dry seeds on the cement floor to prevent the formation of hard seeds and affect germination. Purchased coated seeds cannot be soaked before sowing.
Six, sowing "three adaptations" Timely sowing is the key to cotton seedlings. Should generally master 5 centimeters of ground temperature stability through 15 °C (for more than 3 days to 15 °C). Early sowing, low temperature, slow emergence, easy to rotten seeds, rotten buds, even if the emergence of weak seedlings will emerge. It is suggested that the sowing date this year should be postponed until April*, and try not to be later than 25th. Remind the cotton farmers to pay attention to watching the weather forecast and do so in advance. Appropriate sowing volume: about 1.5 kilograms of sowing seed for sowing of coated seed. The amount of sowing is too large to increase the amount of work in the fields such as ventilation, seedlings, and seedlings, and the “grass shortage, ie, grass shortage,†causes waste of fertilizer and water, and it is also easy to reduce the effect of plastic film after the wind is released. Appropriate sowing depth: General sowing depth of about 3 cm. Good sensation, heavy soil quality, mulch cotton should be slightly shallow, and vice versa should be slightly deeper. Too deep to emerge seedlings, too shallow and easy to dry or uncovered.
VII. Expanded Line Spacing Density According to field surveys conducted over the years, the cotton fields are small and dense, and it is prone to post-stage field canopy closure. Cotton bolls in the middle and lower parts fall off and the pennants in the pens are susceptible to mildew and other problems. At the same time, most of the domestically-tested insect-resistant cotton varieties that have been approved have a large plant type, and they have the potential to produce varieties with a high degree of planting capacity and achieve high yields. Suggestion: Generally in the middle of the production of cotton fields, large and small rows, 80-100 cm, small row spacing of 45 centimeters, or 80 centimeters row spacing planting, about 3500 acres of left seedlings; sand and thin soil can be appropriately increased density; high yield cotton fields, can be 80 to 100 cm and other row spacing planting, about 3,000 acres left.