Bean cake feed livestock and poultry four bogey
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Bean cakes are a high-quality protein source, especially beneficial for young animals, breeding stock, and pregnant or lactating females. Livestock and poultry generally enjoy eating them, but they should be used in moderation. For pigs, bean cakes should make up 10% to 20% of their diet. Exceeding this amount may lead to diarrhea. Finishing pigs shouldn’t receive too much, as it can cause the fat to become soft, negatively affecting meat quality. In dairy cows, feeding around 4 kg per day can boost milk production. However, overfeeding may result in softer butter when processed from the milk. In chicken diets, bean cakes typically account for about 20%. Using more than that can lead to digestive issues like diarrhea and even gout.
It’s also important not to use bean cakes alone. They are low in vitamin D and carotene, and their iron, calcium, and phosphorus content is limited. Therefore, when feeding bean cakes to various animals, it's essential to supplement with vitamins A and D, as well as calcium and phosphorus, to ensure a balanced diet.
Raw soybean cake, particularly soybean meal (a by-product of solvent extraction), contains harmful substances such as trypsin inhibitors, urease, hemagglutinin, saponins, and goitrogens. Among these, trypsin inhibitors have the most significant impact. Most of these compounds are heat-sensitive, so proper cooking is necessary to enhance nutritional value and reduce anti-nutritional factors. The ideal temperature for heating is between 100°C and 110°C. In rural areas, steaming is an effective method—boiling water first and then steaming for 30 to 50 minutes. However, it’s crucial to control both time and temperature, as excessive heating can denature the bean cake, reducing the activity of amino acids like lysine and arginine, and even destroying cystine.
Lastly, avoid moldy bean cakes. Due to their high fat content, bean cakes are prone to spoilage and mold growth, which reduces their feed value. Store them in a dry, well-ventilated, and dark place to prevent rancidity and loss of palatability. Mold growth can also produce harmful toxins, such as aflatoxins, which can be toxic to animals. If any mold is detected, the bean cake should not be fed to avoid poisoning. Always inspect before feeding to ensure safety and quality.