High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Wheat in Peanut

July 18, 2025

Using wheat to grow summer peanuts not only helps resolve the conflict between grain and oil crops, but also improves light and heat conditions for crops, promoting their growth and development. This method transforms the traditional one-crop system into a two-crop cycle per year, thereby increasing the multiple cropping index. It brings significant economic benefits, achieving high yields and efficiency in both grains and oils. Based on field experience and demonstration projects, this technique has been shown to increase peanut production by over 10%. The key aspects of cultivating wheat-peanut intercropping are as follows: First, choose an appropriate planting method. For high-yield wheat-peanut systems, rows should be spaced 7 or 8 inches apart, with about 10,000 holes per mu, and two seeds per hole. The wheat rows should be separated by 7 inches, with an average distance of about 20 cm between the double points. Second, ensure timely sowing. Wheat-peanut intercropping should be planted 15 to 20 days before wheat harvest. Choose medium-sized peanut varieties such as Baisha 1016 or Tianfu III. Sow at a depth of 3 to 4 cm, and water immediately after sowing. Third, implement proper field management. After wheat is harvested, allow the peanut plants to rest for 5 to 7 days before removing the wheat residue. The first weeding should be shallow, avoiding damage to young peanut plants. Continue cultivating 2 to 3 times until the fruiting pegs enter the soil. The second weeding should be deeper, combined with topdressing. Apply 2,000 kg of farmyard manure, 20 kg of urea, 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 15 kg of potash fertilizer. Alternatively, use compound fertilizer. Topdressing should be done before flowering, either by applying it directly and burying it or by watering if the soil is dry. In the middle and late stages, ensure adequate water and nutrients. For plots without fertilization, apply foliar sprays to extend the leaf life. Use 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and similar foliar fertilizers, spraying every 10 to 15 days for 2 to 3 times, which can significantly boost yield. Fourth, manage pests and diseases. Along with pest control, it's essential to address diseases promptly. Early seedlings may face aphids and thrips. During flowering and podding stages, control underground pests like wireworms and above-ground pests such as red spider mites and cotton bollworms. Also, monitor for diseases like peanut stem rot, leaf spot, and viral infections. Due to shading from wheat, the base of the peanut stems may become weak and prone to lodging later on. When the plant height reaches about 35 cm after flowering, apply plant growth regulators like paclobutrazol or Jindeli to prevent lodging. Fifth, harvest on time. Wheat-peanut crops are usually harvested about 20 days later than regular spring peanuts, typically around mid-October.
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